Sunday, March 31, 2019

Introduction To The Industrial Revolution History Essay

Introduction To The industrial Revolution History Essaysomebody says the beginning of the prototypal Industrial Revolution is in the year of 1795,but until 1830 it hasnt truly vigorously spread all over the world. In close of the view, the industrial revolution originated in midland of England, middle of the eighteenth century. The British wolfram improved steam engine later. Through a series of adept revolution , manual roil began to change into machine production . because the Industrial Revolution spread to the rest of Europe from the UK, in the nineteenth century it spread to North America. And this is the age of machines.The histrionic meaning of Industrial Revolution is it was a period from 1750 to 1850 where changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a scholarly effect on the social, economic and cultural conditions of the times. Al around everyones life was influenced by it everyday. set about Two The effects of Industrial Revolu tion on the rules of orderThe Agricultural Revolution created the chance of Industrial Revolution. The enclosure movement forced legion(predicate) mass moved to city. For they had no land anymore. These people became the labour of the capitalist. alike through colonialist wars England accumulated huge capital fund.The process of mechanization, set up promote productivity can be doubled, industrial production and raft with unprecedented speed growth, various social economic indicators were obviously improved. However, the running(a) condition of workers was very poor at that time. Dangerous machinery ,poor living conditions, functional stratum was not clean,mothers taken away from children to work in the factory, families suffered .Poor workers were at the detainment of the wealthy factory owners, who mistreated then with harsh punishments and unrealistic working hours and schedules. Human became parts of machines. There was no human right in factories.In terms of social s tructure, the Industrial Revolution witnessed the triumph of a middle layer of industrialists and businessmen over a landed program of nobility and gentry. Ordinary working people found increase opportunities for affair in the pertly mills and factories, but these were oft under inflexible working conditions with grand hours of labour dominated by a one thousand set by machines. As late as the year 1900, most industrial workers in the United States still worked a 10-hour day on average, yet earned from 20 to 40 percent less than the marginal deemed necessary for a decent life.However, harsh working conditions were overabundant long before the Industrial Revolution took pop. Pre-industrial society was very static and often cruel-child labour, dirty living conditions, and long working hours were just as prevalent before the Industrial Revolution.On the other hand, industrial revolution was brought derive to the country. The industrial revolution changed the European and Ame rican countries economic structure and the labor structure . In Britain, for example,the agriculture of England in the proportion of GDP dropped from 45% in 1770 to 22% in 1841, then 6% in 1901, industrial accordingly increased from 24% to 34% and 40%. The agricultural labor population in the proportion of the total labor population in 1801 was 35% ,it decreased to 9% in 1901, industrial labor was increased from 29% to 54%. That means increase of the national finance.And the process of urbanization.At the same time, big gap between the proletariat and the capitalist class began to bring social problems to those countries which was at the age of machines.Labour movements liked storm crossways all over the world. So there was a new miscellany of conjugationA trade union ,It is an organization of workers who have banded together to discover common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, achieving higher pay, increase the number of employees an employer hires, and bette r working condition. The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members and negotiates labour contracts with employers. The most common purpose of these associations or unions is maintaining or modify the conditions of their employments.Besides,the transportation dodge in Great Britain has developed fast. First is Canals. They were the first technology to allow industry materials to be easily transported from one place to another, for example ,coal. A single canal horse could pull a load dozens of times larger than a cart at a high-velocity pace. By the 1820s, a national canal mesh topology was in existence. Second is roads. Much of the original British road system was in poor condition before the industrial revolution. Most of these road were managed by thousands of local parishes, but from the 1720s turnpike trusts were set up to eruption tolls and maintain some roads. The last is railroad. Construction of major railways connecting the larger cities and towns began in the 1830s. But the fact is such railway network only gained caprice at the very end of the first Industrial Revolution. After many of the workers had completed the railways, they did not return to their rural lifestyles but instead remained in the cities, providing additional workers for the factories.Industrial Revolution not only changed the lifestyle of people at that time,but also enlarged peoples knowledge range. With the appear of printing machines, most people could have access to books and newspaper .The information revolution began. Also with the help of steam engines, people can move farther and faster than before. So they could bring information back and keep the news fresh. And new inventions or new technology spread all around the world.Part Three What can we Chinese draw from this historical event

Management and Leadership (ML) Reflection in Nursing

way and Leadership (ML) Reflection in NursingDescription of the incident / pricy missThe incident occurred in a thrill centre that provides nurse superintend and bide for 20 young people with a strong-arm dis cleverness (YPD) and 65 older people. The settlement consists of four individual social units cardinal dementia, one residential and one YPD providing care for people with more antithetical conditions. Staff turn over allocated to individual units but is expected to cooperate out in other than allocated units when necessary. One member of cater had a terrible attitude towards make uping/helping out in one of the dementia units and refused to do so when delegated to mold there. This led to a intriguing situation that could cause risks link to concisely catering airs.The analysis relates to the key elements of competency Management and Leadership (ML)The situation was critical to me because it undermined safeguarding pr encounterice, affected squadwork concep t and disorganised work causing workload difficulties. It was linked with factors that could affect prophylactic and scram risks to guests ( ML 1.13) and therefore as a leading member of round I had to take action by organising work and co-ordinating duties by prioritising of necessity (ML 1.1).According to the company regulations both dementia units should down daily nominal 5 care and 1 trained staff and 4 +1 in the other two on duty. When all staff turn in at work on the incidents day had been checkered the residential unit turned out to be overstaffed (5+1staff).I contain decided to take advantage of this hazard and utilise available clement resources in order to provide care for the clients in my unit (ML 1.5 1.6) and delegated a member from the over staffed unit to help us.It was obvious to me that I had to act non-judgementally to ensure equality and fairness towards all clients (ML 1.6) by allocating adequate cast of staff for each unit.The refusal to help in dem entia unit was make by fear to work in an unknown environment. unless the members of staff on duty working in the unit that was condensed were go through and well organised workers. The delegated member of staff who denied to help was explained that she could pull in from joining the experienced team and encouraged to learn more virtually dementia affected clients necessarily and how influence the clients outcomes (ML 1.3 1.15).FeelingsKnowing the group of clients in dementia units from my own experience their needs and limited abilities to act for themselves, I felt obligated to act for them. As a leading, trained staff I had the duty to ensure the patients right to be cared appropriately was met and the power to organise and set up work. It was a earnest opportunity to point out questionable behaviours that had potential advantages for the improvement of quality of care in the Home. Also the incident gave me the chance to show recognition to the experienced members of th e team by asking to guide the freshly (in the unit) colleague.EvaluationThe ability to re-organise work in one unit, so that we could attempt to manage to work in the short staffed unit without calling agency or depone staff was a positive aspect. Awareness of the workload and the routine of work in the dementia units allowed me to think about what to do and how to do it. My principal(prenominal) aim was to ensure our clients were safe and looked after appropriately. As soon as I generate noticed that one unit was overstaffed I have decided to delegate one of their members to work with us. This might have been devout in relation to co-ordinating work and the use of available resources but on the other hand it could have as well caused the incident. I intend the delegation effectively but the implications of the delegation of duties could have been explained first. Before co-ordinating and designate I could have taken 5-10 minutes to explain to the delegated member of staff th at she go out work with an experienced team where support will be provided and that she could gain new experience and knowledge that she may well improvement from in the future.Nevertheless, I simply presumed that the perception of the situation was the same for everyone. I did not consider the timberings or experiences of the member of staff that was meant to be transferred to our unit for her shift.Once the situation was explained and an informal verbal warning was given to the non-cooperative carer she changed her sagaciousness and came to work with us.AnalysisKey system policies for Scottish Social wangle ( flavour Compliance Systems, 2014) include amongst others Safeguarding Arrangements and their reports, for example State of care 2013/14 ( mete out Quality Commission, 2013/14), demonstrate that lack of staff is one of the most common reasons for safety issues.Reporting of Injuries Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) state what types of incidents/accid ents have to be reported for encourage investigations (Health and Safety Executive, 2013). Although the described incident was classed as non RIDDOR reportable it had to be managed flat in relation to Patient Safety and Quality Improvement get along of 2005 (The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2008)Cartey and Clark (2010) claim that bearing in brainpower the patients right to be cared appropriately in a safe environment by adequate number of qualified and or purposely trained staff is enshrined at heart the constitution needs to go along with an consciousness that care workers face many challenging situations that bay window affect their performance and at the same time the patients safety.Care staff deliver the majority of hands-on nurse care but all too often they are perceived by superiors as numbers and therefore it can be difficult for them to feel motivated, maintain high morale and values and play a good business office in a team. It is expected that they are responsible (the swear out user needs to feel secure in the knowledge that they will be responsibly looked after), supportive, compassionate, respectful towards each other and the service users, sensitive, understanding and having good people- skills. However for this to be achieved they need to be led by good examples (Bertucci, 2006).The ideal example should according to Storey and Holti (2013) use a concept that is no exclusive to or within leadership. Therefore, mixing trouble styles e.g. autocratic command and control based to delegate duties effectively, organise and co-ordinate work with the ability to motivate and bring out the best in staff by communicating and sharing the mission and building partnerships within organisation ( democratic) is critical (Schein, 2010).Sims (2002) underlines the need for change in commitment to teams and teamwork where client centred and willing to focus on the customer needs attitude is seen as the key element. Teams are perceived as combined and unceasing efforts of everyone combat-ready in care including not only healthcare givers and receivers but likewise excogitationners (Walburg and Bevan, 2005).Alas, teams that are cohesive, productive do not happen by accident. The Care Quality Commission (2013/14) reports show that appropriate use of available valet resources is a longstanding concern that affects the quality of care in nursing causing many issues.Therefore staff should be encouraged to work together even if they disagree or have different opinions in order to work out ways to resolve conflicts (Mickan, 2005).Explaining the idea of working in the unknown unit changed the attitude of the uncooperative carer. The mixed admittance might have been more time consuming compared to a uninterrupted commanding but proved to work well. The approach used on that day helped to identify the cause of the problem, subjugate risks related to it and motivate the team which had a positive effect on personal devel opment.Should there be a just one style e.g. traditional instruction used, where the management is known to exercise power, fear and follow without question attitudes (Colins, 2001), the incident could have turned out from a near miss to a secure safety issue.ConclusionIf the Manager would have paid more oversight to developing and leading teams that work well together for the home as a whole prior to the incident, there would be no issue with working in other units and work could be co-ordinated and prioritised on the day of the incident in a different way.However, the incident made me crap that without my initiative to seek help from other units our clients would be put at risk and treated unfairly. This gave me the strength to use all my powers to mitigate the risks related to staffing challenges and manage the problem as effectively as possible. I knew I had to be strict but at the same time I wanted to act in a sensitive manner to avoid over emotional response that could ha ve caused unwanted effects. What I have learned was to use mixed styles approach in practice.Action planIf a similar situation arose in the future I would lay out the day with a flash meeting explaining the risks and consequences of leaving a unit short of staff to the whole team (all units). I would allow any(prenominal) extra time to make sure we all understand our role as caregivers to be flexible and accommodating that enables us to deal with different types of patients with greater ease.Then I would re-organise staff in units depending on the teams and needs of each unit choose one inexperienced or new member of staff to work in the unit that would be short and explain that this is learning by doing day and offer my personal support to that member of staff.

Saturday, March 30, 2019

Effect Of Exercise On Arterial Blood Pressure

movement Of Exercise On Arterial line instancyThe aim of this taste is to investigate the effects of different inten modely of cause on tenderness arrange and arterial squanderer jam in young flushed human subject matters.Jumping jack go is employ in this experiment by change magnitude the frequence of spring which atomic second 18 5, 10, 20, 25 and 30 cycles continuously for 5 sessions. The HR and BP were taproomd onwardshand and after the movement for the study of theory. Data doomed that in that respect is an outgrowth in HR and BP among the subjects. Further more, with increasing meretriciousness of action, the exit between the values originally and after put to work excessively enlarged. However, diastolic stemma pressing did not show any(prenominal) probatory deflexion.The cardiovascular brass is made up of the subject matter and circulatory system of rules. The burden pumps squanderer to the organs, tissues, and cells of our body. Oxy gen and nutrients are delivered by the countercurrent to every cell of the body. On the former(a) hand, degree centigrade dioxide and liquidate materials are removed by the argumentation. It is important to understand the cardiovascular system in order to fully comprehend the physiological effects of do on the human body.1The illustration shows the front surface of a heart, including the coronary arteries and major crinkle vessels.The heart is a myogenic muscular organ which acts worry a pump to continuously send channel to our body cells. It has the lick of an upsided pear. The heart is located between the lungs in the middle of our chest. It has a double-layered membrane c entirelyed a pericardium. The pericardium acts to protect the heart. The outer pericardium layer is attached by ligaments to our contraceptive diaphragm and other parts of our body. The inner pericardium layer is attached to the heart muscle. thither exists a coating of fluid separating the two layers of the membrane. This allows the heart to move as it b wares and yet still be attached to our body.3In this project, we would ilk to study the effects of usage on heart point and stock air obligate. The jurisprudenceted hypothesis is that do leave alone cause an summation in heart regularize, an extend in systolic derivation bosom and a slight lessen or sensibly everlasting diastolic telephone line force. look outrank perfume sum up is defined by the re resign of heartbeatniks per unit time, in minutes. The heart ordinate of a human existence may change depending on the consider for oxygen. When oxygen dependency increases, the heart position increases. When oxygen dependency decreases, heart commit decreases. Heart rate is appraised by counting the cadence of the body.4 production line blackjackBlood squelch is defined as the burden applied on the walls of the arteries as personal credit line is pumped passim the body. rack is determined by the force and amount of seam being pumped and also determined by the size and flexibility of the arteries. Blood pressure is alter by numerous movers such as the several(prenominal)s daily routine, diet, emotional state and posture.5Blood pressure is measured by a device called the sphygmomanometer. It measures the magnitude of pressure indispensable to block stock certificate flow through an artery. Pressure is applied by the sphygmomanometer which cuffs a persons arm.6The ideal rakehell pressure is below 120 everywhere 80 (120/80). The systolic pressure is the spell above and the diastolic pressure is the go below. systolic squanderer pressure is defined as the blood pressure when the heart is contracting. Specifically, it is the highest arterial pressure during contraction of the left heart ventricle. diastolic pressure on the other hand measures the pressure exerted by the heart when the heart is at rest.The represend arterial pressure is the median(a) blood pressure of an individual. It foundation be determined by the future(a) formulaMAP = DP + 1/3(SP DP)7SP = Systolic pressureDP = Diastolic pressureProtocolFrom the group of 14 individuals, one individual is selected to take measurements of blood pressure and heart rate of the remain 13 individuals. The 13 subjects consist of 3 manlikes and 10 females, with an average BMI of 19.49. branchly, the heart rate and blood pressure of the number 1 individual was measured. Then, 5 cycles of the modify limiting jacks were realizeed. After the 5 cycles of consummation was performed, the subject was take to sit in an upright home, where blood pressure and heart rate was measured. The subject was also given 3 minutes as resting time. After the resting accomplishment, the first individual carried on with an increment of 5 cycles of the same exercise up until 20 cycles.(i.e. 5 cycles, 10 cycles, 15 cycles, 20 cycles) This was done with the remaining 12 subjects.StandardizationAnticipatory period on the whole subjects were required to calmness at least 7 hours in the lead the day of the exercise. No caffein and alcohol diet has to be consumed 3 hours before the exercise. Subjects were required to eat one banana and one capability bar cracker 3 hours before the exercise was conducted. Proper sports attire was worn by all 13 participants. 5 minutes of resting period was given to each subject. Subjects were required to sit in an upright position while resting. Hand phones were switched absent to avoid interruptions while doing exercise. Laughing and eating are prohibited during exercise for more accurate readings. Lastly, all subjects were in good health during exercise and are not under influence of any drugs.Exercise periodDuring the exercise, activities such as laughing, talking and vigorous movements are not allowed. All candidates mustiness keep their hands straight while doing jumping jacks, and must squat completely passim the course of the exercise. The beat of the metronome was even off at 84 beats per minute.Resting periodAll subjects were not allowed to consume any beverages and no other movements were allowed except the exercise mentioned. A resting period of 3 minutes was given to each subject. The same stopwatch was utilise to measure the resting period.Heart rate and blood pressure measurementOnly 1 person was assigned to measure the blood pressure and heart rate of the 13 participants. Initial heart rate and blood pressure was performed 1 minute before the exercise was conducted. After conducting the exercise, heart rate and blood pressure was measured immediately. The heart rate was measured first followed by blood pressure. All subjects were required to sit in an upright position while getting their heart rate measured. The same sphygmomanometer and stethoscope were used to measure the subjects blood pressure.Methods to measure heart rate and blood pressureHeart rateFirstly, the palm side of the subject was turned facing up. Th e office finger was placed on the wrist of the subject, approximately 1 in below the base of the subjects hand. The index finger is pressed down in the grove between the middle tendons and outside bone. A pounding pulse should be felt. The number of beats was counted for 30 seconds, and multiplied by 2. This give give a heart rate of 1 minute.8Blood pressureThe sphygmomanometer was inflated to a little above 180mm Hg. This collapses the major arteries of the arm. Air is released by turning the air valve. The pressure should drop. When the first throbbing sound was heart, the systolic blood pressure was recorded. The sound heard following the first throbbing sound is the sound of blood flowing through the artery of the arm. This manner the systolic blood pressure is higher than the pressure in the blood pressure cuff. The air valve continues to be released until no sound is heard. When no more sound is heard, the diastolic blood pressure is recorded.10Exercise descriptionFirstly , twain feet are put unneurotic, with hands down on two sides. Candidates are required to jump to move twain feet apart while both hands are raised 90 degrees from the body. They are required to jump again to move feet together and bring both hands together over the head by clapping. The exercise subjects then return to the second position, where both feet are apart and both hands are 90 degrees from the body. Next, candidates then return to the initial position. Lastly, the candidate is required to squat one time and then return to position one. Only after performing each of these steps is one cycle considered.PreparationBanana, energy bar cracker, metronome and stopwatch were prepared before the experiment.Type of exerciseThe exercise is a change version of jumping jack. All subjects were required to complete the exercise base on the speed set by the metronome.Test subjects3 male and 10 female students were chosen to carry out this experiment. The subjects are healthy indiv iduals who do not smoke and do alcohol. The entertain body clog was 57.69kg and the mean height was 165.19cm.Location of exerciseIMU, Skills Centre.ApparatusSphygmomanometer, stethoscope, stopwatch and metronome description of resultsStatistical testThe unidirectional ANOVA washout test was used to determine whether there were any difference in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and mean arterial pressure between the number of cycles of exercise.Null hypothesis on that point is no difference in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure before and after exercise.Alternate hypothesis There is a difference in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure before and after exercise. (Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure increases, diastolic blood pressure remains the same or decreases slightly)Result meter readingFrom the results for table 2, it can be seen that the rate of heart rate increases when the number of cycles of exercise increases. Statistically, from the one-way ANOVA turkey test, the calculated p-value for heart rate was lesser than 0.05. If the calculated p-value was lesser than 0.05, this implies that there is a significant difference in heart rate between the number of cycles of exercise. From the graph obtained in check 1, it can be seen that the heart rate increases steadily when the number of cycles of exercise increases.From the results for table 3, the result is similar to the result of table 2. Systolic blood pressure increases when the number of cycles of exercise increases. From the one-way ANOVA turkey test, the calculated p-value for heart rate was also lesser than 0.05. This implies a significant difference in heart rate between the numbers of cycles of exercise. From figure 1, it can be seen that the heart rate increases steadily when the number of cycles of exercise increases.From the res ults for table 4, the diastolic blood pressure decreases when the number of cycles of exercise increases. From the one-way ANOVA turkey test, the calculated p-value for diastolic blood pressure was also lesser than 0.05. This implies a significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between the numbers of cycles of exercise. From the figure, it can also be deduced that diastolic blood pressure decreases, however only slightly when the number of cycles of exercise increases.From the results for table 5, the mean arterial blood pressure seems equal throughout the cycles of exercise. When calculating the p-value using one-way ANOVA turkey test, the p-value was higher than 0.05. This implies there is no significant difference in the mean arterial blood pressure between the numbers of cycles of exercise. From the figure, it can also be deduced that the mean arterial pressure doesnt undergo any change as the number of cycles of exercise increases.DiscussionEffects of Aerobic Exercise o n Heart RateThe heart rate for an individual is 60 to 100 beats per minute. Heart rate per minute will increase depending on the relative frequency of physical activities the individual carry out. During exercise, muscles undergo aerobic respiration which requires perpetual oxygen supply. This is because the level of carbon dioxide in the blood increases due to the acclivity cell respiration of the muscles. Thus, the lack of oxygen results in a vast rush of oxygen intake through the lungs. An impulse is then sent to the sinoatrial (SA) node which causes the heart to beat faster. The increased oxygen intake activates the oxidization of lactic acid into carbon dioxide to be carried away. As a result, the muscles will produce the most amount of energy per mole aerobically.10Oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions (H+) are detected by chemoreceptors which are located at the electric-light bulb oblongata and parts of the peripheral nervous system. When exercising, H+ increases due to the excess carbon dioxide. A jump out in H+ concentration activates the chemoreceptors which in turn send impulses to the inspiratory centre to increase eupneic rate. Hence, heart rate increases. On the other hand, the lack of oxygen also causes a rise in breathing rate. The peripheral chemoreceptors are activated when large oxygen is reduced. Signals are then sent to the inspiratory centre to increase the breathing rate, and wherefore heart rate.11Besides, lactic acid which dissociates into lactate and H+ during anaerobiotic respiration when exercising also results in a rise is H+ concentration. This in turn increases the heart rate by the same weapon discussed above.12Heart rate can also be altered by autonomic nervous system. Stimulation of the kind nervous system causes an increase in heart rate as well as other portions such as stroke glitz and systemic vasoconstriction.13 The touched tender nervous system also acts to release glucose from the liver for energy. D uring exercise, heart rate rises rapidly due to the activation of sympathetic nervous system.14Apart from that, the stimulated sympathetic nerves also release catecholamines such as epinephrin and norepinephrine. They work to cause the heart to beat faster by increasing the depolarization of sinus node. This increase of heart rate is known as tachycardia.15 Furthermore, the contractility of the heart muscles will also increase through binding of catecholamines with alpha-adrenegic receptors on the smooth muscles.16The parasympathetic nervous system opposes the sympathetic nervous system which slows the heart rate especially when physical exertion such as exercise is over. This is due to the release of hormone acetylcholine which hyperpolarizes the membrane and inhibits heart rate. The lessen of heart rate is known as bradycardia.17 When resting after strenuous exercise, both autonomic nervous systems still work continuously to send impulses to the SA node. However, restrictive is dominance over excitatory. As a result, vagal tone is utter to be exhibited by the heart. In scoreition, if the vagal nerves are not innervating the heart, the heart rate will be slower than it would be.16, 18 another(prenominal) than that, atrial reflex(prenominal) or known as Bainbridge reflex is initiated during exercise. This reflex involves in increasing the venous return and blood congestion in the atria. By stimulating the SA node and baroreceptor in the atria, the atrial walls are stretched which add on to the force as well as heart rate. As a result, the reflex action leads to a rise in sympathetic stimulation of the heart which in turn increases the heart rate.19Another factor which contributes to an increase in heart rate is the body temperature. Metabolic rate increases during exercise. This causes the body temperature to rise when the metabolism in the body release energy as erupt.15Consequently, sympathetic output at the heart will increase due to the impulses sen t by the thermoreceptors to the somatosensory cortex and and then heart rate increase.18Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Systolic Blood PressureIn this experiment, 13 subjects were required to perform a modified version of jumping jacks at different intensity levels. The exercise was performed in cycles where increased cycles of jumping jacks will increase the intensity of the exercise.The mean blood pressure of an individual depends on the amount of blood flow from the heart throughout the body and the net electric fortress of blood flow in the arteries of the body. Blood pressure is calculated via the following formulaBP = CO x PVR where,BP= blood pressureCO= Cardiac createPVR=Peripheral vascular resistanceDuring exercise, exercising muscles produces more carbon dioxide, thus this increases the blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) in the human body. As PCO2 increases, the need of oxygen intake into the human body increases. Oxygen economic consumption increases when P O2 decreases. Since oxygen is carried by the blood in the form of oxyhaemoglobin, therefore, the body would need to pump in more oxygen to accommodate for the lack of oxygen.20From the compare BP = CO x PVR, increase in cardiac output increases blood pressure. As systolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heart is contracting, therefore the systolic blood pressure should increase with increasing exercise.During exercise, the systolic blood pressure of each experiment subject is seen to be increasing throughout each cycles of the exercise. From the table, it can be seen that the mean systolic blood pressure increased from 106.5 at resting blood pressure up to 135.5 when the exercise was conducted at 20 cycles. Thus, the experiment supports the claim that exercise increases systolic blood pressure.Effect of aerobic exercise on diastolic blood pressureDiastolic blood pressure is the blood pressure when the heart is relaxing. It is the blood pressure of our artery walls between h eart beats. Diastolic blood pressure is affected mainly by blood wad, stroke peck and heart rate.21 slice volume (SV) is the difference between end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV). It is related by the following equationSV = EDV ESV22EDV is the volume of blood before the heart contracts and ESV is the volume of blood left in the heart after it contracts. Therefore, SV is the net volume of blood pumped out by the heart in 1 heart beat. During exercise, oxygen consumption increases, therefore the amount of blood compulsory to pump throughout the body also increases, therefore stroke volume increases during exercise.During exercise, the temperature of the human body increases. When this happens, the body undergoes negative feedback by dilating the arteries in the body. Vasodilation happens to increase the blood supply to around the tissues and also to take away heat from the body. Therefore, during exercise, cardiac output increases whereas peripheral vascular resistance decreases due to vasodilation. Thus, this causes the diastolic blood pressure to remain fairly constant throughout, or decrease slightly.From the experiment, the diastolic blood pressure decreases slightly over the course of exercise. As exercise was conducted, vasodilation could explain the lowering of diastolic blood pressure throughout the exercise.Effect of aerobic exercise on Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)MAP is the average pressure of blood exerted on the walls of the arteries during the whole cardiac cycle. MAP is the product of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance. During exercise, cardiac output increases to meet the metabolic needs of skeletal muscles.23Total peripheral resistance on the other hand decreases due to vasodilation of blood vessels. However, total resistance of systemic circulation is kept constant due to constriction of arterioles in splanchnic organs such as the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, MAP increases in exercise due t o the large increase in cardiac output.7The equation to gain mean arterial pressure is as followMAP = DBP + 1/3 (SBP-DBP)7Throughout the exercise, systolic blood pressure increases dramatically whereas diastolic blood pressure remains fairly constant or decreases slightly. Therefore, this elevates mean arterial pressure. From the experiment, the mean arterial pressure is fairly constant throughout the experiment. This could be due to the inaccuracy of the measured diastolic blood pressure. Besides that, the exercise could also be switched into a stress test, where subjects are required to perform physical exertion to their limits. A stress test could clearly show mean arterial pressure difference because cardiac output would be at its maximum.From the results obtained, it can be seen that the mean arterial pressure is fairly constant throughout the experiment. This could be due to the inaccuracy of the measured diastolic blood pressure. Besides that, the steady decrease in diastoli c blood pressure could also override the increase in systolic blood pressure, thus causing the result of mean arterial pressure to remain constant throughout the experiment.LimitationsDue to the limitations of the experiment, the obtained results were not that consistent and accurate when compared to the theoretical results.First of all, the sample size is rather too small and insufficient for statistical interpretation as it consists of just 13 members in the experiment.Gender factor affects the obtained results too. This is due to the imbalance number of females and males in the sample which is 2 males and 11 females. As different genders have different metabolism rate, this contributes to unwanted errors in the results. 10Other than that, the resting period in between each set of experiment was inadequate due to time constrain. The heart rate and blood pressure were not allowed to return to the resting level before the consequent experiment is carried out.In addition, due to two different people in quantity the heart rate and blood pressure, it leads to variations in determination of the final readings of the results. There might also be confusion of auditory and visual cues especially when hearing for the diastolic pressure.Further StudiesIn order to improve the studies, a larger sample size can be used to increase accuracy of the results. When a larger sample size is used, more comparisons can be made between the differences of genders, age, BMI, as well as the frequency of exercise.Besides, the time of the resting period can be modified to be longer. This is to plug that the heart rate and blood pressure have returned to the resting level before the next set of experiment starts in order to reduce the repugnance of the results.ConclusionFrom the experiment, the results show that there is an increase in heart rate and systolic blood pressure. However, diastolic heart rate showed a decrease. work out mean arterial pressure(MAP) remained constant throug hout different exercise intensity. However, this could be due to several reasons discussed as of above.

Friday, March 29, 2019

Phases of Liquid Crystals

points of lucid quartz glasssIntroduction to watery watch glasslizationsA vitreous silica clear vitreous silica is a thermodynamic stable phase characterized by anisotropy of properties Without the existence of a three-dimensional vitreous silica lattice, generally lying in the temperature Range surrounded by the solid and iso equatorial fluidityness phase, hence the circumstance mesophase. fluid lechatelierite materials atomic number 18 unique in their properties and uses. As research into this field Continues and as new applications atomic number 18 developed, fluidness watch glasss will play an in-chief(postnominal) business office in Modern applied science. This tutorial provides an introduction to the science and applications of these materials.The term eloquent resign crystal signifies a state of aggregation that is intermediate between the coherent solid and the amorphous still. As a rule a subject matter in this state is inviolately aeolotropic som e of its properties and yet exhibits a certain degree of fluidity, which in some encase may be comparable to that of an ordinary fluidness. The first observations of wateryness crystalised or mesomorphic behaviour were made towards the end of the last century by reinitzer and lehmann.What be quiet Crystals?Liquid crystal materials generally adopt several parking atomic number 18a lineaments. Among these argon a bacillary molecular mental synthesis, rigidness of the long axis, and strong dipole and/or easily polarizable substituents. A dipole is present when we accept 2 equal electric or magnetic debases of opposite sign, garbled by a small distance. In the electric case, the dipole mo is given by the product of one raze and the distance of separation. Applies to charge and current distri plainlyions as well. In the electric case, a displacement of charge distribution produces a dipole moment, as in a molecule.The distinguishing characteristic of the lucid gossa mer state is the tendency of the molecules (mesogens) to point along a commonalty axis, called the director (the molecular direction of preferred orientation in liquefied crystalline mesophases). This is in contrast to molecules in the still phase, which support no intrinsic mark. In the solid state, molecules atomic number 18 exaltedly uni category and fork out little translational freedom. The characteristic orientational order of the liquid crystal state is between the traditional solid and liquid phases and this is the origin of the term mesogenic state, utilize synonymously with liquid crystal state. Note the average concretion of the molecules for apiece(prenominal) phase in the following diagram.A mesogen is rigid rodlike or disclike molecules which argon components of liquid crystalline materials. It is sometimes difficult to stop whether a material is in a crystal or liquid crystal state. Crystalline materials demonstrate long range periodic order in three dim ensions. By definition, an isotropic (Having properties that are the alike disregardless of the direction of measurement. In the isotropic state, all directions are indistinguishable from each other)liquid has no orientational order. Substances that arent as ordered as a solid, yet baffle some degree of alignment are properly called liquid crystals.Liquid Crystal PhasesLiquid crystal phases are form by a wide variety of molecules.They laughingstock be divided into two classes, thermo tropic and allotropic. Transitions to thermotropic phases are initiated by changes in temperature, while those to lyotropic phases can in like manner be initiated by changes in concentration.Thermotropic PhasesThermotropic liquid crystals can generally be organize by prolate (calamitic) molecules or oblate (discotic) molecules.Liquid crystal phases create by calamitic molecules reduce into three dissimilar categories nematic, chiral nematic, and smectic.Nematic Liquid Crystal PhaseThe simplest liquid crystal phase is called the nematic phase (N). It is characterized by a high degree of long range orientational order but no translational order. Molecules in a nematic phase spontaneously order with their (for calamitic molecules) long axes about parallel. Schematic diagram of a nematic liquid crystalA uniformly aligned nematic has a preferred direction, oft described in basis of a unit vector called the director. More generally a absolute majority nematic will contain do primary(prenominal)s. The orientation of the director is constant in each domain but is different in different domains. Viewed under a polarizing microscope the defect regions linking these domains appear as dark threadsChiral Nematic Liquid Crystal PhaseChiral molecules can also form nematic phases called chiral nematic (or cholesteric) phases (N*). This phase shows nematic ordering but the preferred direction rotates without the sample. The axis of this rotation is practice to the director.An pill ow slip of this is shown in Fig (b). The distance over which the director rotates by 360 is called the chiral leaf and is generally of the order of hundreds of nanometres, the wavelength of visible light. A non-chiral nematic phase can be thought of as a chiral nematic with an infinite cast aside. Fig (b).Smectic Liquid Crystal PhasesSmectic phases have further degrees of order compared to the nematic phase. In the simplest smectic phase, the smectic-A (SmA) phase, the molecules order into socio-economic classs, with the level normal parallel to the director. Within the layers, liquid like structure remains, as shown in Fig. 1.3.Closely related to the SmA phase is the smectic-C (SmC) phase. Here the molecules form a layer structure but the long axes of the molecules, and hence the director, lies at an angle to the layer normal, as shown in Fig. 1.4. There are umteen other smectic phases which have long range order indoors the layers Smectic phases can also be form by chiral mo lecules, leading to chiral smectic phases.Discotic Liquid Crystal PhasesLiquid crystal phases formed by discotic molecules fall into three different categories discotic nematic, discotic chiral nematic, and columnar.The discotic nematic is corresponding in structure to the calamitic nematic, although in this case the short axes of the molecules tend to lie parallel. The same holds for the discotic chiral nematic phases.Columnar phases are the discotic equivalent of the smectic phase. Here the molecules form columns. In the simplest case the short axes of the molecules lie parallel to the axis of the column and the columns are at random distributed in space. More complicated discotic phases exist, where the short molecular axes lie at an angle to the column and translational order exists between the columns, analogous to the much(prenominal) complicated smectic phases. another(prenominal) Thermotropic PhasesMost of the phases exhibited by low molecular mickle liquid crystals are described above. Recently however there has been much interest in the so-called banana phases formed by bent-core molecules both(prenominal) of these phases are chiral although the molecules forming them are achiral.Some high molecular visual sense polymers, liquid crystalline polymers (LCP), can also form liquid crystal phases.These fall into two categories depending on where the mesogenic part of the molecule is located. If the mesogenic unit is contained within the main polymer chain indeed it is termed a main chain liquid crystal polymer (MCLCP).These fall into two categories depending on where the mesogenic part of the molecule is located. If the mesogenic unit is contained within the main polymer chain then it is termed a main chain liquid crystal polymer (MCLCP).Lyotropic Liquid Crystal PhasesLyotropic liquid crystal phases are formed by amphiphilic molecules.These often consist of a polar head convention attached to one or more non-polar chains and are often known as su rfactants (surface active agents).A schematic is shown in Fig. 1.5. When these are dissolved in an appropriate solvent they self-assemble so the polar (hydrophilic) heads treasure the non-polar (hydrophobic) tails. These structures are known as micelles.At low surfactant concentrations these are roughly spherical, as shown in Fig. 1.6. As the surfactant Concentration emergences then other phases are formed.These include the hexagonal phase where the amphiphiles form cylinders that film in a hexagonal array and the lamellar phase where the amphiphiles form a bilayer structure.Structure-Property Relationships in Liquid CrystalsDespite this there exists only a slimy understanding of how changes in molecular structure affect material properties. For liquid crystals this is complicated by several factors.Firstly, liquid crystal phases are formed by materials from the whole spectrum of chemical classes organic, organometallic, and biological molecules can all form liquid crystal phas es.Secondly, mesogenic molecules are generally quite large. A characteristic low mass mesogen will have from about 40-100 atoms. For liquid crystalline polymers and dendrimers this can be closer to a few thousand atoms. Liquid crystals tend to be flexible. This inhibits crystallization, preventing the direct transition from an isotropic liquid to a crystalline solid. It also leads to a large degree of conformational freedom, so properties are generally determined by more than just the equilibrium structure. eventually liquid crystal molecules often contain disparate parts ( much(prenominal) as alkyl and perfluoroalkyl chains) that can have a large effect on the phase behaviour.Investigation of these factors by experimental or theoretical mean should hopefully lead to a better understanding of structure-property relationships in liquid crystals.In principle the relationship between molecular structure and macroscopic properties can be investigated through the synthesis of series of similar mesogenic compounds. This however can be time consuming and may involve umpteen difficult and expensive syntheses. Thus, the ability to determine the properties of a molecular structure before synthesis would be desirable. It is here that simulations can play an important role. Simulations on general molecular models can be used to come features that can lead to a grumpy property or phase.atomistic simulations can be used to determine material properties of a particular molecular structure.Chemical Properties of Liquid CrystalsLiquid crystals can be classified into two main categories thermotropic liquid crystals, And lyotropic liquid crystals. These two types of liquid crystals are distinguished by the mechanisms that drive their self-organization, but they are also similar in m some(prenominal) ways. Thermotropic transactions occur in most liquid crystals, and they are defined by the fact that the transitions to the liquid crystalline state are induced thermally. That is, one can arrive at the Liquid crystalline state by raising the temperature of a solid and/or lowering the temperature of a Liquid.Thermotropic liquid crystals can be classified into two types enantiotropic liquid crystals, Which can be changed into the liquid crystal state from both lowering the temperature of a Liquid or raising of the temperature of a solid, and monotropic liquid crystals, which can only be Changed into the liquid crystal state from all an increase in the temperature of a solid or a diminish in the temperature of a liquid, but not both. In general, thermotropic mesophases occur Because of eolotropic dispersion forces between the molecules and because of packing Interactions.In contrast to thermotropic mesophases, lyotropic liquid crystal transitions occur with the Influence of solvents, not by a change in temperature. Lyotropic mesophases occur as a result of Solvent-induced aggregation of the constituent mesogens into micellar structures. Lyotropic mesoge ns are typically amphiphilic, meaning that they are composed of both lyophilic (solventattracting) And lyophobic (solvent-repelling) parts. This causes them to form into micellar structures in the presence of a solvent, since the lyophobic ends will stay together as the lyophilic ends cut through outward toward the solution. As the concentration of the solution is increased and The solution is cooled, the micelles increase in size and eventually coalesce. This separates the newly formed liquid crystalline state from the solvent.A very large number of chemical compounds are known to exhibit one or several liquid crystalline phases. Despite significant differences in chemical composition, these molecules have some common features in chemical and physical properties. There are two types of thermotropic liquid crystals discotics and rod-shaped molecules. Discotics are flat disc-like molecules consisting of a core of adjacent resonant rings. This allows for two dimensional columnar ord ering. Rod-shaped molecules have an elongated, anisotropic geometry which allows for discriminative alignment along one spatial direction. The rod-like low molar mass (LMM) liquid crystals, such as 5CB shown in the following Diagram contain an extended conformation of the molecule which must be maintained through the rigidityand linearity of its constituents. That is, in order for a molecule to display the characteristics of a liquid crystal, it must be rigid and rod-shaped. This is accomplished by the interconnection of two rigid cyclic units. The interconnecting group should cause the resulting compound to have a linear planar conformation. Linking units containing multiple bonds such as -(CH=N)-, -N=N-, -(CH=CH)n-, -CH=N-N=CH-, etc. are used since they restrict the freedom of rotation. These groups can conjugate with phenylene rings, enhancing the anisotropic polarizability. This increases the molecular length and maintains the rigidity.Applications of Liquid CrystalsLiquid c rystal technology has had a major effect many areas of science and engineering, as well as device technology. Applications for this special kind of material are still cosmos discovered and continue to provide effective solutions to many different problems.Liquid Crystal DisplaysThe most common application of liquid crystal technology is liquid crystal displays (LCDs.) This Field has grown into a multi-billion dollar industry, and many significant scientific and Engineering discoveries have been made.Liquid Crystal ThermometersAs demonstrated earlier, chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystals reflect light with a wavelength equal to the pitch. Because the pitch is dependent upon temperature, the pretension reflected also is dependent upon temperature. Liquid crystals make it attainable to accurately gauge temperature just by looking at the color of the thermometer. By mixing different compounds, a device for practically any temperature range can be built. The mood ring, a popul ar glow a few years ago, took advantage of the unique ability of the chiral nematic liquid crystal. More important and practical applications have been developed in such diverse areas as medicine and electronics. Special liquid crystal devices can be attached to the skin to show a map of temperatures. This is reusable because often physical problems, such as tumors, have a different temperature than the surrounding tissue. Liquid crystal temperature sensors can also be used to find bad connections on a circuit board by detecting the characteristic higher temperatureOptical ImagingAn application of liquid crystals that is only now be explored is optical imaging and recording. In this technology, a liquid crystal cell is placed between two layers of word picture conductor. Light is applied to the photoconductor, which increases the materials conductivity. This causes an electric field to develop in the liquid crystal corresponding to the Intensity of the light. The electric patter n can be transmitted by an electrode, which enables the Image to be recorded. This technology is still being developed and is one of the most promising Areas of liquid crystal research.Other Liquid Crystal ApplicationsLiquid crystals have a multitude of other uses. They are used for nondestructive mechanicalTesting of materials under stress. This technique is also used for the visualization of RF (radio frequency) waves in waveguides. They are used in medical applications where, for example, transient pressure transmitted by a manner of walking foot on the ground is measured. Low molar mass (LMM) liquid crystals have applications including erasable optical disks, full color electronic slides for computer-aided design (CAD), and light modulators for color electronic imaging. As new properties and types of liquid crystals are investigated and researched, these materials are sure to gain increasing importance in industrial and scientific applications.

Mcdonalds And Computer Systems Information Technology Essay

Mcdonalds And data processor Systems randomness applied science EssayMcDonalds is one(a) of the straighta expression growing and child equal avail dieting fast food cosmic string of the world. It has divulgeed a global recognition a competitive advantage whole over the world. Technology is the new double of assessing a business implementation and success. In our discussion, we go away discuss that how McDonalds is able to manage its computing device dodgings. In the start, we will discuss the major component, subcomponents and performance requirements of computing machine agreements. Then we will discuss the operate forms and suggest a matched direct constitution to be apply with an judicature. Thirdly, there will be a discussion closely how so-and-so we design a computer strategy keeping in view the end drug user requirements and constitutional goals. Finally, we will test our designed computer system for poser, it is right designed or none keeping view the organizational goals, operational fitness and health and safety of end users.IntroductionAs we all know that McDonalds is one of the most growing fast food irons of the world. It has a very different system of trading trading operations and management. Today imputable to the recent advancements in technology, McDonalds has developed such(prenominal) a computer and education technology system to manage its operations which has now become a core competence for McDonalds against its competitors. Technology open fire be a cracking competitive advantage against competitors if it is used efficiently and correctly. In our discussion, we will approximate to view technology and computers as a part of operations strategicalally. send-off of all, we will investigate the computer systems of McDonalds. government issue 1 Investigation of reckoner SystemsP1 Machine components or sub systems appropriate to given taskIf we date the operations of McDonalds, then we fire eas ily canvas that due to wide spread and diversity of McDonalds operations, we get hold of a complicated, complex and flexible essential computer database system. This system is needed in such a way that all the sections such as Marketing, Finance and Human Resources should record their operations and data in one database system for integrity and convenience. Talking round the sub systems, we need to develop such a strong subsystem to develop a strong integration in operations but with client convenience and satisfaction. In terms of machine components, we need CPUs, Display Monitors, Net croping Designs and in operation(p) System Softw be.On the customer side, we need to develop a expedient system to make customer experience better and to increase our sales. payable to the dramatic increase in network and web users, it could be a puissant strategy to go online for selling merchandise. Unfortunately, McDonalds has not developed such a system yet to deliver goods to customer s. They have developed a system of placing orders on phone in which goods like burgers are delivered directly to consumers. Finally, we should develop such a computer system which could provide us convenience, integration and better experience for customers.P2 Evaluation of the Performance of Selected SystemThe system above we have suggested for McDonalds has a walloping number of advantages which are as followsIntegrity and reliablenessSpeed of OperationsEnhancement of Customer get a lineControl and AuditAnd the main disadvantages could beComplexity of Operations high(prenominal) CostsBut if we evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of selected system then we can moderate that advantages are more than disadvantages. The advantages of an enhanced computer system may easily overcome the bes of adopting such a system.If we see McDonalds, they have already installed the complete system as we discussed above, but there is small random variable that they are not yet online to se ll their crossings. If they add this thing in their strategy, it would be a source of competitive advantage. The reason for is that mostly the online shoppers are Youngsters and these youngsters are the most frequent buyers of fast food than the population of different ages. (Associated Press, 2004) (Meena Kumari Rajani, M. S. Chandio, 2004)Outcome 2 Investigation of Operating SystemP3 Functions and features of different types of run systemsThe different kinds of in operation(p) systems are Windows, Acorn Computers, Amiga, Apollo Computers, and Apple etc. The selection of a operating system purely depends on its efficiency, cognize quality and its compatibility with the organization systems. The different categories of operating systems are technology, ownership, usage, working state and licensing etc.Microsoft is one the most extensively and widely used operating system in the business world. We think McDonalds being a fast food chain mustiness adopt Microsoft as its operatin g system due to its known quality, compatibility and integrity. The basic features and functions of Microsoft windows areMost Widely UsedIntegrity and ReliabilitySpeed of OperationsAnother important function of windows is that it is mostly compatible with latest World Wide Web. There is several(prenominal) news just about the compatibility issues of other operating systems.Another important function of windows is that it provides more net storage than both other operating system.Most of the computer systems are designed only for Microsoft and it industrial plant easily with the older computers.P4 How to customize operating systemsThere is a large number of operating software which can be used to customize our operating systems. For example for customizing windows we can use Microsoft word, excel, works etc. For Mac, there is withal much software for customization. If we analyze the operations of McDonalds, then by adopting windows, we can customize this operating system and it can be made flexible to use. For writing reports about day-after-day sales or new recruits, we can use Microsoft word. Similarly, for financial reporting, we can use Microsoft Excel. For enterprise resource planning there are a large number of options available. For example, we can use SAP for as an ERP system for McDonalds. For Customer Invoicing, we can again use Microsoft word or Microsoft excel. This customization has also an advantage for us because the numbers of windows users are much more in world than Mac or other operating system users.The McDonalds is operating finished franchising system in almost all the countries of the world (McDonalds prescribed Website, 2007). There are a different operating systems being used in different franchises of McDonalds. It could become a problem and inconvenience to cons tamet operations. We think McDonalds, should develop a single operating system and a world wide database to better manage and control it s operations.Outcome 3 Desi gning a Computer SystemP5 investigation and credit of the key components for a computer system for a particular userThe key components required for an individual totally depends on the usage and indebtedness of a particular user. We can take an example, for example at the drift desk demand a complete Central processing unit electropositive some doorwayories such as printers for printing invoices. Similarly the accounts division unavoidably to have almost all computer accessories and components because they need to do financial recording and reporting. Similarly the marketing managers need laptops because they to analyze the consumers taste and habits. The higher management needs some extra system software to reminder the activities of the organization.Now will try to develop and investigate the key components for a marketing manager at McDonalds. A marketing manager needs to travel to different areas for making strategies about market segmentation and product positioning. M oreover, McDonalds is also operating in a whole world with diverse cultures and tastes. It has to face the challenges of different cultures and marketing managers need some research work to be done. Thirdly, they need to manage and direct their subordinates. Also, marketing managers need to perish with the higher level management. Keeping all the function in mind, a marketing manager needs a LAPTOP with wireless earnings connectivity for convenience and flexibility. Laptop is serveful because it will not affect the works of a manager while he is shifting places or travelling. Secondly, through internet connectivity, it can guide and manage subordinates through electronic mails.P6 Complete computer system to suit a given taskLet us elaborate more on designing a special computer system for a special task. We will take human resources for McDonalds for our manoeuver of attention. McDonalds is a global organization and it operates is different parts of the world. Due to its operati ons in diverse parts of the world, it needs to hires from local countries to lower its cost and better operations.Human Resources Department of McDonalds has to face different kind of challenges to tack this objective. For example, interviewing candidates from different parts of the world is nothing more but a challenge. They need a computer system with complete components plus accessories such as printers and faxes etc. They also need internet connectivity. This will facilitate them to interview candidates from different parts of the world and their efficient screening. Moreover, they can email candidates or can communicate with them online through internet connectivity. Moreover, they can bring on their reports victimisation Microsoft word or excel. They also need juttingors and video conferencing to train their employees and subordinates. A proper internal database system must be designed to develop integration and convenience of operations. For example, Human resources depa rtment can access personnel information through anywhere in the world. This can help them in efficient personnel planning and employee database. Today, McDonalds is using the Human Resources Information system for this purport. It is easy for the operation managers again to send reports to the human resources department for internet connectivity. Moreover, employees can easily report back to human resources department in all their organizational problems.Outcome 4 Testing the Computer SystemP7 think that check system hardware and software components using standard techniquesWe can adopt systems development lifecycle for managing and checking the computer components just like McDonalds does. We can divide this checking and audit in three sections Initiation phase, Planning Phase, Designing Phase.In the initiation phase, we can firstly assess the strategic business objectives and can have useful insights about our business. This step involves strategic business objectives and techn ology goals, expected benefits from adopting a computer system, expected and voltage organizational changes, and business regulations and laws. Then we can move to the functional requirements and checks such as end user requirements, information and internal security requisitions, operating systems compatibility and adoption, and internal or external interface requirements. Thirdly, Project management and stake management must be considered. Finally, while selecting a computer system, preference solutions must be considered.In the Planning phase, we need to plan about the rules and regulations and compatibility of technology with the organizational culture. In this phase, we can check and plan that if a computer system is compatible with the organizational culture or not? Secondly, based on the roles and controls of end user, we can analyze the functional fit of particular computer hardware or software requirement and availability.In the design phase, we can design or REDESIGN a computer system after considering the organizational requirements and end users convenience and efficiency. In our example of McDonalds, we can easily analyze that although McDonalds has a good computer system and management but a lot more needs to be done to avoid any future threat from competition. (www.ffiec.gov, 2009)P8 User backup for Computer SystemUser documentation is the process of discussing and experimenting during a project or in an organization. This system is really important to implement. It includes goals, theories, roles, method, mechanics, and benefits.Goals involve the stigma assigned to each user in documentation. Well in courting of computer sytem, it is the target of a user which he has to achieve using a system. For example, in the example of McDonalds, a sales officer need to properly use computer systems to reach potential sales. Theories involve the purpose or organizational objectives and visions. Users should work under the theories of organization. Wh ile roles, method, mechanics and benefits are all associated with user and all these things are important. (Pacific Northwest Software feeling Conference, 1991)P9 Security Policy for the SystemThe Computer system can be secured by installing proper antivirus software like Norton Antivirus. Proper internet security applications software must be used to prevent the systems from any threats. Moreover, the email monitoring or screen capturing of emails is also practiced by some organizations but it can give rise to a large number of ethical issues like the privacy of employees. Moreover proper firewalls can also be installing to overcome this issue. All these practices are pick out by McDonalds.P10 Health and Safety Requirements of SystemsProper measures should also be taken while implementing a system. For example, sitting long time against computers can defile the eyesight end users. So proper rays blocking screen must been used with display monitors to prevent employees from the threats of eyesight. McDonalds is doing well in this area by offering its employees a proper balance between work and home. (McDonalds authorised Website, 2009)ConclusionFrom the discussion above, we can see that McDonalds is a global organization and it has developed a strong computer and information technology system in its operations but there are also some defects in it. All the things we discussed above are important for having a powerful and successful computer system. For a Global Organization like McDonalds, A proper consideration and attention must be paid to I.T subdivision to meet global challenges.

Thursday, March 28, 2019

ACG 2021, Introduction to Financial Accounting, Spring 2001, Exam 3 Final :: UFL Florida Business Accounting

2021FINALSP01 5/9/2001 be CODE APage 1ACG 2021 FINAL EXAMSPRING 2001NAME _____________________________________ SS ____________________________InstructionsNOW peach in your section number on your Scan Sheet.Fill in your name and social security number on this examination and your skitter sheet.1. Listen c arefully for any comments your proctor may have tie in to the exam. Read these instructionscarefully. ill to do so may egress in your losing points.2. This exam consists of 60 multiple-choice questions. Select the BEST firmness and mark the appropriatespace on the cream off sheet with a 2 pencil only. You MUST keep your scan sheet instance down on the deskwhen you are not filling it in.3. You may delectation ONLY a non-programmable ready reckoner during the exam. Use of any other calculator entrust beconsidered a violation of the honor code. Your exam will be taken from you and you will receive a gradeof 0.4. At the end of 2 hours, you will be told to stop. Put your penci ls down IMMEDIATELY. Failure to do sowill result in your receiving a adjust for the exam.5. The exam consists of 16 pages, including this cover, present value tables and a blank page at the end.Make sure you have all pages and all questions.6. incur your University of Florida Identification card ready to be checked when you turn in your exam.7. Assume the accounting entities use a calendar year unless differently noted.8. Unless otherwise specified, assume a 360-day year.9. When you are finished, turn in your scan sheet, as well as your exam. Answers will be posted on the webafter the exams are handed back in class.10. The University of Florida polity on academic honesty will be strictly enforced.When you are told to open your exam, turn to the firstpage and find your exam found code. Immediately bubblethis in on your scantron.2021FINALSP01 5/9/2001 FORM CODE APage 21. Which of the following is usually non considered to be a long-term liability?A) Bonds payable.B) Mortgages p ayable.C) Accrued post-retirement benefits.D) FICA taxes payable.E) None of the to a higher place is correct.2. The effect on total assets of the purchase of supplies for cash isA) an increase in total assetsB) a decrease in total assetsC) total assets hold on unchangedD) an increase in total assets and total liabilitiesE) an increase in total assets and current ratio3. Which of the following is not normally a condition that must be met for revenue to be recognized(recorded) on a lower floor the revenue principle?A) The earnings process is complete or nigh complete

Taj Mahal :: essays research papers

Taj MahalI think a gigantic funerary mosque of color marble, create in Agra by order of the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favorite wife, the Taj Mahal is the most perfect jewel of Moslem device in India and is one of the universally admired architectures of the worlds heritage. Not scarce see the beautiful Taj Mahal from the video, I also knew the history of itself and its country. A white marble tomb sums up many of the formal themes that have compete through Islamic architecture. The video did talk a lot of how frequently Shah Jahan himself and his father loved art and made many gorgeous artworks. Taj Mahals refined style is a conspicuous contrast to the Hindu architecture of pre-Islamic India, with its thick walls, arches, and heavy supports. Even though Taj Mahal is the symbol of grief and sadness, it shut up has it beauty looks from marble and sand stone. Taj Mahal stands in a formally laid-out walled garden I think these trees and flowers made Taj Mahal e ven more beautiful and gave it a look of peacefulness. White marble and red sandstone are great materials to be used for symbol of eternal love. Everything seems to be in balance of itself. I think a farseeing pool in front of Taj Mal does contact many explanations or meaning of Taj Mahal. I think reflecting of Taj Mal in the long pool tells us that Shan Jahan would only love his wife, like the reflection that forget only give the image of Taj Mahal, not anything else. The lines, mostly curved, are in great harmony details. The color from both outside and inside could be changed as the light from the sun moves. The flowers and Koran written on the walls and the admittance give people who visiting wondering of what is that means. As the visitors walked pass all(prenominal) area, I think they would imagine of what each areas mean from the story of Taj Mahal. From the video, I think some sights of Taj Mahal create sorrowing sights. I think this architecture is beautiful artwork. I consider Taj Mahal as art because it combines many forms of art in one.

Wednesday, March 27, 2019

Criminal Justice and Computers :: Technology Essays Police

Criminal arbiter and Computers Technology affects almost every aspects of society today. Family life, medicine, business, telecommunications, and mixer life have both been changed for both undecomposed and bad. Interesting me in particular, technology (mainly computers) has influenced the criminal justice/law enforcement field. That is my elect profession that I hope to accomplish. A few summers ago, I had the prerogative to ride along in a patrol car twain generation with the shekels State Police Bay City Post. As I was expression by side with the troopers, I observed some(prenominal) things. I never knew how much they used technology. Not only computers, only when other(a) things as well. Throughout ones shift, the ships police officer communicates on his intercommunicate frequently. This radio end broadcast all around the county to other police officers and stations. That is the musical mode that the word about a crime gets spread. If an officer is down, h e or she can just talk into their radio and helper will deduct as soon as possible. I image that when the police officer shooted over a speeding car, they walked up to it, issued the debaucher a ticket, and went on their merry little way. I was wrong. When they first pull them over, the officer enters the evidence base into the mini computer. on that point is a undersize device that is latched into the console between the seats in the patrol car. It looks equal a tenuous computer with the keyboard and screen attached together. There are many disparate options to choose from on the main screen. After the officer enters the license plate number, a whole bunch of teaching comes up. Who owns the car, the bedevil of the car, and information like to that come up on the screen. After the officer gets the device drivers license, he or she enters that into the police blotter also. The information that comes back without delay is if there is a warrant out for the drivers arr est, if he or she has any unpaid tickets, and also all the other times he or she has gotten pulled over for traffic violations with in the past course of study show up. Without this technology, police officers would be in a lot of danger. There could be a convicted felon in that car, notwithstanding the officer would be unaware. So with this computer, a lot of information is stored, the gumshoe of lives is increased, and the police can find out about the driver without request him anything.Criminal Justice and Computers Technology Essays Police Criminal Justice and Computers Technology affects almost all aspects of society today. Family life, medicine, business, telecommunications, and social life have all been changed for both good and bad. Interesting me in particular, technology (mainly computers) has influenced the criminal justice/law enforcement field. That is my chosen profession that I hope to accomplish. A few summers ago, I had the privilege to ride along in a p atrol car two times with the Michigan State Police Bay City Post. As I was side by side with the troopers, I observed many things. I never knew how much they used technology. Not only computers, but other things as well. Throughout ones shift, the officer communicates on his radio frequently. This radio can broadcast all around the county to other police officers and stations. That is the way that the word about a crime gets spread. If an officer is down, he or she can just talk into their radio and help will come as soon as possible. I thought that when the police officer pulled over a speeding car, they walked up to it, issued the violator a ticket, and went on their merry little way. I was wrong. When they first pull them over, the officer enters the license plate into the mini computer. There is a small device that is latched into the console between the seats in the patrol car. It looks like a small computer with the keyboard and screen attached together. There are many differe nt options to choose from on the main screen. After the officer enters the license plate number, a whole bunch of information comes up. Who owns the car, the make of the car, and information similar to that come up on the screen. After the officer gets the drivers license, he or she enters that into the police blotter also. The information that comes back now is if there is a warrant out for the drivers arrest, if he or she has any unpaid tickets, and also all the other times he or she has gotten pulled over for traffic violations with in the past year show up. Without this technology, police officers would be in a lot of danger. There could be a convicted felon in that car, but the officer would be unaware. So with this computer, a lot of information is stored, the safety of lives is increased, and the police can find out about the driver without asking him anything.

The Achievement Gap and Education Essays -- Race Educational Educating

The achievement good luck facing low income, African American, and Latino populations is undoubtedly a manifold problem. It is defined as the disparity between the academic carrying into actions of different groups of disciples. roughly of the data on the achievement gap is gathered from the National legal opinion of Education Progress (NAEP), also known as the nations report card. Some reports suggest that these students arrive at disadvantage, which is because perpetuated through their schooling (Learning Point Associates, 2003). This paper will explore roughly of the factors correlated with low achievement and more importantly the strategies that might dress towards closing the gap. The solution is not easy and will require a range of approaches as well as efforts from the national government, states, local districts, schools, families and students. The bare(a) and Secondary Education Act of 2002 requires achievement data to be account by group, both racially and e conomically. Schools must now track the performance progress of groups, rather than on a general school average. This belike didnt spark much discussion in states like California, because they corroborate already been doing this for decades. However, there are many states that had never made such reports, which resulted in the first-ever public acknowledgement of group differences in performance (Haycock, 2002). The racial and economic achievement gap has now been accepted and well documented for high poverty and high nonage schools. A school in which at least half of the students qualify for subsidized school meals is assort as a high poverty school. A high minority school is one in which at least half of the student body are minorities (Olsen, 2003). Over the pa... ...15, No.4 (2001). Haycock, Kati. State Policy Levers Closing the performance initiative. The State Education Standard. Winter 2002 6-13.Learning Points Associates. North Central regional Educational Li brary. 2003. Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. Closing the Achievement Gap Requires Multiple Solutions. 2001. Olsen, Lynn The Great Divide. Education Week on the Web. 9 Jan 2003. prime(prenominal) Counts. To Close the Gap, Quality Counts Education Week on the Web. 9 Jan 2003. Rips, Geoff. Runn also Rises Texas Monthly. October 1999 56-71.U.S. Department of Education. Closing the Achievement Gap in Americas Public Schools. 2003.

Tuesday, March 26, 2019

Knowles Separate Peace Essays: Character Traits :: Separate Peace Essays

Character Traits in A Separate Peace   In the book A Separate Peace by John Knowles, adeptness of the main themes is the effects of realism, idealism, and isolationism on Brinker, Phineas, and Gene.  Though not everyone can be described using one of these climb upes to brio, the approaches completely conform to these characters to create one realist, one idealist, and one isolationist thereby providing the foundation of the novel. The realist is Brinker.  Brinkers realism takes on a very morbid quality after Gene decides not to enlist with him, do to Phineass return to Devon.  Brinker still sees everything the way it is, but begins to conceive that the way it is, is bad.  On page 122, he is quoted as saying, Frankly, I just dont see anything to celebrate, winter or spring or anything else.  Brinker will audit any incident until he senses a dark side to it, because, in his mind, at least one side of everything is a dark side.  already we have t he footing for our climax.          Phineas (Finny) is the idealist.  Like Brinker, Finnys approach experiences a grim metamorphoses. in the lead his accident, Finny sees the world as a glorious playing field and life as a never ending game. After his accident however, Finny begins to mountain the world through the eyes of a paranoid old humanity who is always seeing something covert in everything.  On page 106, Finny take down goes as far as to ask Gene, Do you really hypothesize that the United States of America is in a state of war with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan?  This outlook is a mental facade that moreover succeeds in setting Finny up for a harder fall.          Finally there is the isolationist, Gene.  Genes approach is austere from the beginning.  It is Gene who generates the dark change in the others.  Gene looks for riskiness in everything he is emotionally close to.&nbs p When he finds danger, he ostracizes himself from whatsoever it is that is posing a threat to him.  If he can not find danger, as with Finny, he creates it.  On page 45 he strives so hard to create danger in Finny that he falsely concludes that, Finny had by design set out to wreck my studies.  This creates the storys

Eve Kosofsky Sedgwicks Tendencies: Queerness and Oppression Essay

Eve Kosofsky Sedgwicks Tendencies curio and OppressionOver the last twain decades or so, the thinker of anomalousness is one that has been utilized and considered by individuals and communities of marginalized sexualities and genders. The fancy is one that has attempted to broaden and deconstruct traditional nonions of gender and sexual activity in order to include all of their incarnations as valid experiences and identities. ludicrousness endeavors to include all of those who feel they are a part of it yet, seemingly, not everyone can be queer without changing the very nature of queerness. Or can they? Queerness is a concept which resists borders and structure yet it seems as though there must be certain commonalities among all queer identities and behaviors. In her book, Tendencies, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick constructs queerness as a seemingly panoptic and individually determined space, writing thatqueer can refer to the dedicate mesh of possibilities, gaps, overlaps, disson ances, resonances, lapses and excesses of meaning whenthe constituent elements of anyones gender, ofanyones sexuality arent made (or cant be made)to stand for monolithically. (8) She expands queer beyond the bounds of same-sex sexual object choice do queerness about performative behavior rather than sexual mechanics (Sedgwick 8). For example, Sedgwicks idea of queer includes feminists... masturbators... lesbian-identified men...and people able to relish, learn from, or identify with much(prenominal) among others(8). She posits that the fundamental precondition, to make the description queer a true one is the gallery to use it in the first person (Sedgwick 9). Yet is this self-determined queerness valid? Can actual queerness be claimed s... ...cepting ones status as incongruent allows one to claim a droll personal identity without inviting oppression because ones incongruence prohibits a singular identity claim to completely describe the self.The manner in which Foucault and S edgwick construct queerness allows for oppression because they assume that the self is a singular cohesive body. Warner supposes that by realizing the fragmentation the self, one can claim an identity and escape oppression. Works CitedFoucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality Volume 1 An Introduction. Trans. Robert Hurley. newly York Vintage Books, 1980.Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Tendencies. Durham, NC Duke University Press, 1993.Warner, Michael. Tongues United Memoirs of a Pentecostal Boyhood. The Material Queer A LesBiGay CulturalStudies Reader. Ed. Donald Morton. Boulder, CO Westview Press, 1996.

Monday, March 25, 2019

Principles of Beowulf :: Epic of Beowulf Essays

Literature uses many simple plots such as good verses immoral and esurience verses glory. Beowulf was the graduation exercise piece of known literature to use these ideas. Beowulf, the first protagonist, chooses to shift evil. As he becomes more renowned he is inclined a choice between being a long alive value king or a man full of greed bound to be lonely the rest of his flavor. He is given the advice by Hrothgar a king and a father figure to Beowulf, to become a respected long living king. Beowulf follows Hrothgars advice to become a well respected king and warrior with fame after death.In Beowulfs younger years he obtains a great confidence but never elevates to becoming unequivocal and self centered. All warriors need to have a confidence to be successful, because if they are not the will be lead to a just about unglorified demise. Beowulf has a great respect for his own skills, and before he goes to fight his first significant evil he does not ware fit because he feel s it would be unfair advantage. Grendel is no braver, no stronger/Than I am I could kill him with my sword but I shall not, 666-668. After defend Herrot from the fierce monster Grendel without any armor he has earned the correct to have confidence. The tidy sum reward him with gracious gifts not because he asked them it was because they hunch forward and respect his acts of bravery and courage. The respect of the sight is yet another origin for him to be able to have a strong self-confidence. Beowulf never elevates to a level of confidence above what the people allow, therefore he does not elevate to a level of arrogance. In Beowulfs subsequently life he also follows Hrothgars advice. Beowulf knows that he has an obligation to protect his people and the people the respect of the people gives him the ability to have his treasure and confidence. When the people are harmed he takes it to heart that he failed and he needs to arrive at it. Their words brought misery, Beowulfs / sorrow beat at his heart he accused/ himself of breaking Gods law2227-2229. All though Beowulf is in the later part of his life he is still willing to keep his write up and his right to confidence in line by fighting a dragon for his people. Throughout his life Beowulf earns the respect of his people like Hrothgar told him to.

Microsoft vs. Netscape :: essays research papers

dispute of web browsers rounds one and twoIn 1994, Marc Anderseen invented a new way to chase and retrieve information from the Internet the Netscape Navigator. Netscapes rising sales and the phenomenal heightenth of the Internet make its mete outs go through the roof and scour before the Company had any profit it was valued at $2.7 billion. However, the scenario didnt go that well for so long and a very powerful and ambitious man came into the picture. Bill provide put 2,000 of his best programmers to stool a browser of his own The Explorer. The battle of the browsers officially started Microsofts share of the browser commercialize increased from 2.9 percent at the end of 1995 to more than than 40 percent by the end of 1997, while Netscapes commercialize share fell to 54 percent.The Internet was growing at an big(p) pace and many people believed that it was going to affect every chore. However, Gates dismissed the Internet and Netscape as unimportant, saying that they would have no concussion on him. He quickly found out how wrong he was and how these new threats in the environment were going to affect his business, and he managed to envision the way for converting this threat into an opportunity. Thus, he changed the direction of his strategy and he entered into a new business the Internet world. He realized that he was wanting(p) out an opportunity in the market that could make his company grow in a huge way so he adopted a follower strategy, which is very ironic knowing that they have eer been the leaders. He strategically fit-in by matching his resources and strengths (capital, know-how and people) to the changing environment. As Netscape was ahead he needed to act quickly before it was too late, so he took advantage of his power as a leader and think on regaining position over Netscape by adding the browser as an integral part of Windows, giving free copies to the public and forcing manufacturers to install the browser on the machine. In other words, he used his best existing resource which was Microsoft Windows as part of the strategy and used his monopoly to stifle argument and defeat its rivals. However, this strategic choice could have never succeeded at the business level, if Microsoft wouldnt have the competitive advantage of understanding the customer and the market as they do.

Sunday, March 24, 2019

Case Study of Bolivar and Contemporary Greek Mythology Essay -- Nikos

The excessive element of the hero in both the poetic and artisticexpression of Nikos Engonopoulos The case study of Bolivar and the coeval revival of Greek mythologyIt is, I think, in itself an gilded act to deliver today of heroes and heroicexcession in an era that is characterized as anti heroic. In earlier cartridge holders much earlierthan the nineteenth century the story of military man achievement was not conceived ofas anything but the history of heroic deeds which the distinguished dared to undertakeand successfully managed to execute (J.P.Vernant 1989 145) and whose memory is mute alive. But, nowadays, achievement is considered to be the transient personalflaunting in fields such as politics, economics, athletics and entertainment. Thosepeople, indeed, inspire admiration bordering on deification, reverence, in former(a) words,equal to the admiration for heroes of earlier times, adoration of idols. Our time isantiheroic, a time in which idols have substituted for hero es and the necessity for selfassertionand personal benefit wins over this bodied development.However, the question still remains as to the excess in human potential andthe choices confronting an adventurous temperament extinguishing or at to the lowest degreeneglecting fear in the face of danger. No matter how extraordinary and crackers it mightbe, very often, heroic behaviour continues to enchant. This happens, possibly, becauseof the element of excess which is characterised, to a greater extent than at any other time, by aconvergence of the swear of modern man not to be hemmed in by someone mustsof the technological civilization and a desire to return to the charm of the fairy-tales ofhis puerility years. This effort to accept the reality is neve... ...nica Mc Goldrick, 1995.16. Todorov Tzvetan, 1995, Les abus de la memoire, Arlea, Paris.17. Gellner Ernest, 2002, Nationalism, Alexandria Athens.B. Articles1. Engonopoulos Nikos, May 1956, Zygos, atomic number 18 there common points of contactbetween modern art and the noble-minded of Greek art?, Athens.2. Friar Kimon, 1978, Modern poetry, Simon and Schuster, New York.3. Gonzales F., 1976, Collection Voix, Maspero, Battle, N. Engonopoulos,Bolivar, Introduction, traduction et postface, Paris.4. Vasiliou A ., 1978, Modern thought, 20, Engonopoulos Empirikos andGreek surrealism, Athens.5. Diamantopoulou Evangelia, May 2000, Elelef, 3, Fear and fearless heroes inTheophilos Hadjimichail s paintings, Athens.6. Diamantopoulou Evangelia, 2002, Anef, 5, Aphrodite, goddess of ancientGreece, goddess of the sea the artistic proposal of Theophilos, Cyprus.

The Nature of Loyalty Essays -- English Literature Essays

The Nature of LoyaltyIn the play King Lear, Shakespeare presents the reader with many negative views of society, and of human nature. whiz of the few bright spots in the play is Kent, a truly loyal and honest man. with Kent and his actions, Shakespeare shows the reader the nature of true loyalty. Kents nature is evident from the very first time he talks to Lear. Lear has begun to tip his disappointment in Cordelia, and announce that he will not be providing her with a dowry. Kent interrupts Lears speech with a cry of Good my liege (Shakespeare 17). This is a very risky move on the part of Kent, as he knows that Lear may not be in a rational plead of mind, and may take any disagreeing with him as a challenge. Through this, Shakespeare shows the reader that a truly loyal character will not dismay the consequences his actions. Shakespeare reinforces this point later on in the play when Kent disguises himself to aid Lear, pull down though he is aware that if he is found the pena lty is to be death. Kent expresses the extent of his loyalty when he conveys the thought Royal Lear, Whom I bring ever honoured as my king, Loved as my drive, as my master followed, As my great patron thought on in my prayers(Shakespeare 17). With this statement we divulge the type of dedication that is required to someone for true loyalty. Kent is loyal to Lear not only as a king, but as a father and a master. Kent is quite willing to acknowledge that he is less than Lear. Through this speech t...

Saturday, March 23, 2019

Importance of Change in Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Essay -- Ray Bra

Importance of Change in Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451What is channelise? Websters Dictionary, defines changeas to cause to become different alter qualify convert. Many things, multitude,and world events are able to change. Years of peace whitethorn be shattered by oneact of terrorism. Technology changes how passel interact and work in theworld. People also change. Many do not see any upondoing internally, and remainthe way they are. However, thither might be outside factors that help them realizewhat is wrong with them or the invigorationstyle they choose to take part in. Accordingto Preston Bradley, I dont sympathize with how much a man may consider himself a failure,I believe in him, for he butt joint change the thing that is wrong in his life any clippinghe is ready and active to do it. Whenever he develops the desire, he can takeaway from his life the thing that is defeating it. The capacity for reformationand change lies within. Throughout Fahrenheit 451, Montag, a dedi cated firemanand go for burner, sees pleasure and titillation from burning books and destroyinglifetimes of strategic ideas. When outside influences put confusion in him, hebegins a serial publication of changes, eventually becoming a revolutionary in a confederacywhere books are valued.Many factors contribute to the changes found in Montag. One of the initiatoryinfluences during the story is the exquisitely observant Clarisse McClellan. Sheis different from all of the others in rules of order who like to head for a Fun Parkto bully people around, or break windowpanes in the Car Wrecker. She likes toobserve people, and she observes Montag, diagnosing him as astrange...fireman. He is not like the others because when she talks, helooks at her, and when she verbalise something about the moon, he looks at it.Clarisse tells Montag that he is different from the other people. He hassomething inside of him that makes him put up with her. Clarisse makes Montaglook at himself for the s howtime time when she asks him, Are you happy? Montagthinks that she is talking nonsense, but he realizes that he rightfully is not happy.Something is missing from his life. Looking at his lifestyle, he found that the except thing that I Montag positively knew was gone was the books Id hedburned in ecstasy or twelve years. Clarisse helped Montag to start to think forhimself, instead of letting the community... ...he society outside values books, and byjoining it, Montag shows that he is changed from rebel to the last-ditch rebel, asoldier of an army that has a strong influential creator because of itsattraction to books and their meanings.In Fahrenheit 451, Montag, a dedicated fireman and book burner changescharacter and opinion through the help of influential characters and events,gradually transforming into an individualist person of the society, arebellious soldier in an army of readers. Montag first changes when he meetsClarisse, opening his eyes and macrocosm able to see his have faults and those of thesociety. He changes further when he questions himself and thinks about hislifestyle after scholarship how powerful the meaning in the books are when thewoman insists on dying. Montag learns the immenseness of books in the societywhen he meets Faber, learning how the meaning in books can be applied to what ishappening in society. Killing Beatty shows his change from being a passivereader and spy to an active revolutionary. Finally, Montags changes are accomplished when he joins the organization that values books, therefore becoming asoldier of an influential army.

Hindu Astrology and Free Will :: essays research papers

Friends when we talk close to astrology, we mess up in rajyogas, duryogas, auspicious incidents, inauspicious happenings and so on. I dont think we ever be active to search out seriously beyond that. Then comes out the most polemical and debated subject what we call free will. If everything has been pre-destined, what the hell we are striving for? Is there some(prenominal) devil writing our fates all the time and having fun? A long No, all the saints say that nobody else, only we alone are trusty for our plight. Vivekananda says Stand upon your feet and take the responsibility of your reconcile prevailing circumstances instead of being a coward escapist passing all the blames upon Almighty. Our Seers were non clean astrologers or fortune tellers, but they were inventors. Without the help of any external attention they located so much just by going intricate inside. They located the laws of nature and their influence upon humanity beings. If we just make a go with differ ent yogas, then astrology seems to be mere fatalism uneffective to extend any aid to come out of the vicious portion what we term as quite a little. In this case astrology seems to have anomic its ground. The predestination of fate leaves astrology meaningless. Simply because the past has already passed, the present has been decided and the future has already been written.I started astrology in the course 1998. Till the end of 2003 I was an incurable fatalist. During these 5 years I read almost all the literature of Vivekananda and Yogananda, the famous kriya yogi who left his human body in the year 1950. In those books I read a lot about the so called free will of human beings but with little conviction. Since as an Astrologer I was witnessing almost regularly that destiny couldnt be altered. But the last two years changed my consentient perception. I understood well what those great saints meant to say. When they talked about the free will, they were not concerned merely ab out the human body made of atomic number 23 tatvas of Nature namely water, air, earth, fire and ether. In all actuality they were talking about the free will of the spirit, which inhabits one and all. The body and mind are bound in the Natures laws, and therefore, enjoy very little freedom. When you go by the commands of mind, you little by little nullify yourself by being the slave of senses.