ESL Pronunciation Exercises - Short Vowels Consonants

The following series of pronunciation exercises combines words beginning with the same consonant sound followed by similar vowel sounds. Voiced and voiceless consonants are paired (b - voiced / p - voiceless, d - voiced / t - voiceless, etc.) to help students compare and contrast similar consonant formation. Pairing similar phonemes to improve pronunciation skills is also known as the use of minimal pairs. Minimal pairs change words by one phoneme so that the basic pronunciation pattern remains the same with one slight - minimal - difference. This allows students to really focus in on the slight difference in jaw, tongue, or lip placement needed to make the various phonemes. Repeat each line slowly, listen for the minor differences between the vowel and consonant sounds.Repeat each line three times. Each time repeat more quickly trying to keep the sounds distinct.Find a partner and listen to each other repeat the lines.Try to invent sentences using each sound at least once. For example: The big bat bet he could beat the others. - Dont worry too much about the sentence making much sense! ih - pronounced ih as in hit ee - pronounced ee as in see eh - pronounced eh as in let ae - pronounced ae as in cat big beat bet bat pig peep pet pat did deal death dad tip teeth tell tap gill gee! get gap kill keep kept cat sip see set sat zip zeal zeppelin zap ship sheet shelf shaft gin jeep jell jack chip cheek chess chat hit heat help hat Vowel Sounds eh - as in let, ih - as in hit, ee - as in see, and ae- as in catlong ah - as in car, short ah - as in gotlong uh - as in put, short uh - as in up, oo - as in through Diphthong Sounds ay - as in day, ai - as in skyou - as in home, ow - as in mouse, oi - as in boyieh(r) - as in near, ehi(r) - as in hair

Supply Chain Management Essay - 7333 Words

A. Analyze whether a Keiretsu network, a virtual company, a vertical integration, or a different supply chain strategy should be adopted. A Keiretsu network is a network of businesses that own stakes in one another as a means of mutual security, especially in Japan, and usually including large manufacturers and their suppliers of raw materials and components. There are two types of keiretsu: vertical and horizontal. Vertical keiretsu illustrates the organization and relationships within a company, for example all factors of production of a certain product are connected. A horizontal keiretsu shows relationships between entities and industries normally centered on a bank and trading company. The two are complexly woven together and†¦show more content†¦There could be potentially higher costs due to low efficiencies resulting from lack of supplier competition. There could possibly be a decreased flexibility due to previous upstream or downstream investments. The company could incur a decreased ability to increase product variety if significant in house development is required. The process of developing new core competencies may compromise existing competencies. I believe vertical integration is the best choice for the company given its type and the market conditions. I believe the tool company should adopt it, however constant monitoring of the discussed negative parameters should be done on a quarterly basis. Discuss the metrics that should be used to measure performance of the supply chain. Supply Chain measurements or metrics such as Inventory Turns, Cycle Time, DPMO and Fill Rate are used to track supply chain performance. Supply chain management metrics can help you to understand how your company is operating over a given period of time. Supply chain measurements can cover many areas including Procurement, Production, Distribution, Warehousing, Inventory, Transportation, and Customer Service any area of logistics. However having good performance in one part of the supply chain is not sufficient. Your supply chain is only as strong as its weakest link. The solution is for you to focus on the key metrics in each area of yourShow MoreRelatedThe Supply Chain Management Of Supply Chains1372 Words   |  6 Pagesthe world. Supply chains are now very complex and flourishing in the global marketplace, but only constructed and managed correctly. My discipline is supply chain management. There are many different functions of the supply chain that make it what it is. Brea king this discipline down to specific job task is difficult because each process in a supply chain, no matter how complex is connected with at least one other process in the supply chain. There is no clear definition of a supply chain. A supplyRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Supply Chains1476 Words   |  6 Pages1.3 Supply Chain Supply chains encompass the companies and the business activities needed to design, make, deliver, and use a product or service. Businesses depend on their supply chains to provide them with what they need to survive and thrive. Every business fits into one or more supply chains and has a role to play in each of them. The pace of change and the uncertainty about how markets will evolve has made it increasingly important for companies to be aware of the supply chains they participateRead MoreSupply Chain Management Of Supply Chains1188 Words   |  5 Pagesthe supply chain, not just a simple competition between enterprises. In order to win the competition in the supply chain, which means it must be through the management of the supply chain. Currently supply chains become more integrated, more global, the high-speed development of information technology has become an important driving force. In this report will explore the development of supply chain management technologies and impor tant role. Supply chain and technologies role Supply chain is theRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Supply Chains Essay831 Words   |  4 Pagesto answer the question of what is supply chain management we must know what a supply chain is. According to (Mentzer et al., 2001, p. 1) â€Å"Supply chain is defined as the network of organisations which are involved in different processes that produce value either in the form of products or services delivered to consumers†. A supply chain is made up of suppliers, manufactures and distributors, a good way of looking at this is the supply chain pipeline. A supply chain is seen as an enabler, this is whyRead MoreSupply Of Supply Chain Management830 Words   |  4 PagesSupply Chain Management Goal of a supply chain. According to Defining the Supply Chain, there are 5 specific goals of supply chain management. They are as follows: 1. Achieve Efficient Fulfillment – â€Å"the purpose of supply chain management is to make inventory readily available in customer facing positions to fulfill demand. The fresh produce business adage â€Å"you can’t sell from an empty wagon† highlights this fundamental purpose of supply chain management†. (Defining the Supply Chain) OrganizationsRead MoreSupply Chain Management986 Words   |  4 Pagesthat are not faced by Dell? How should Ford deal with these challenges? 3. If you are Teri Takai, what would you recommend to senior executives? Tow what degree should Ford emulate Dell’s business model? Herman Miller: Innovation by Design? (Supply Chain Strategy) 1. What are the main elements of Herman Miller’s history, design philospophy, and corporate values? How have they influenced the company’s success? 2. What led Miller SQA to develop a new business model to serve its market? What isRead MoreSupply Chain Management12177 Words   |  49 PagesSUPPLY CHAIN UPPLY HAIN MANAGEMENT ANAGEMENT Report produced for the EC funded project INNOREGIO: dissemination of innovation and knowledge management techniques Sotiris Zigiaris, MSc, BPR engineer by BPR HELLAS SA J A N U A R Y 2 0 0 0 SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 1 Contents 1 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.2 Description What is the Supply Chain Management (SCM) What is the importance of Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management Today Supply Chain Management TomorrowRead MoreSupply Chain Management1730 Words   |  7 PagesSTARBUCKS IT SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT This is a case that illustrates several facets at once: Globalization Rapid Expansion, Supply Chain Management, ERP Implementation, and IT Infrastructure. This case takes place in 1997. Introduction You have to admire the enthusiasm of Starbucks employees. 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Allowing for these requirements, it leaves one to wonder whether supply chain management is a viableRead MoreSupply Of Supply Chain Management Essay2046 Words   |  9 PagesSupply Chain Management involves the process of managing, monitoring, controlling and constantly coordinating supply related activities among manufacturers, suppliers, wholesalers, retailer and the consumers. All this is done while integrating supply management with demand management, not only within but also across companies. Since all the processes involved in managing supply chain activities require a robust system in place, every company turns to technology for efficient and effective synchronization

Agricultural Reforms in Australia Livestock Production

Question: Discuss about the Agricultural Reforms in Australia for Livestock Production. Answer: Introduction Agriculture is the art and science of growing of crops and livestock production. There has been a huge decline in Australian agricultural production in the recent years. However, this is not how the case should be; the nation depend on this sector to obtained food. Owing to this reason, there is a need for the government to ensure that it solves the various challenges facing this industry to ensure sustainable food security (Gray, Oss-Emer and Sheng, 2014). In the attempt to promote agricultural activities, the Australian government has implemented many reforms. Some of these reforms has stimulated its growth whereas others hasnt shown any improvement. This study will be important to farmers to understand the various challenges facing their sector and also in making decisions that oversee such challenges. The policy makers will observe the trends of the agricultural contribution to GDP and may take actions that could benefit the whole economy. Australian climate is not so supportive for agriculture; this explains the decline in production especially in the recent period when it is being faced by a prolonged drought. The area receives very little rainfall and agriculture is mainly irrigation based. Those areas that do not receive enough rainfall are used for pastoralism activities. Article Review It can be noted from the article by Batt (2015) that the policy reforms on Australian agriculture are mainly industrial based. He noted that though the importance of agriculture in Australia has been diminishing owing to the growth of service-based and the manufacturing sector, it has remained and will remain to be an importance component of the Australian economy. This sectors proportionate contribution to Australian GDP was recorded to be 203 % in the article. This is a significant contribution. One of the most essential need for agriculture besides food provision is the creation of employment (Pc.gov.au, 2005). Many people are employed in this sector. Those employed on agricultural farms are about 307,000 in number. However, this is not the limit; the highest number is employed on the output and input sector, food manufacturing and processing, etc. in overall, the industry employs more than 1.6 million workers. The food produced by Australian farmers is sufficient to feed 80 milli on people. Fig: Proportionate contribution of Agriculture to Australian GDP The contribution can be observed to be rising over the years. Even during the 2008/09 global recession, the sectors still maintained its contribution at a high level. The Australian farmers have a high contribution on Australian food export. The government has reformed on reducing trading tariffs so as to promote the trading of goods and services. Exportation of farm produces has created a wider market base for which the farmers produce are sold. The availability of a market for output creates an incentive for the farmers to produce more. They are even assured that their products are going to fetch some better prices. If the farmers supplied only to the domestic consumers, there would be an excessive supply of food and the prices the consumers will offer will be too low. Lower prices are a disincentive to the farmers owing to the increased cost of inputs used in the production. Population is experiencing a fast growth in many economies; this accompanied by an increment in personal income has resulted in Asia providing a market for 60 % of Australian agricultural produce. Chinas provide 22 % and this is also a high contribution. Batt noted that the market is growing in other economies such as 9.4 % for Japan, 7.3 % Indonesia, 5.8 % Korea, 3.0 % Malaysia and 2.8 % for Singapore. There has been a deregulation of this industry; one of this being the reduction of governments assistance to the farmers (Harris and Rae, 2017). The article indicates that Australian farmers receive the lowest support from the government compared to other large economies such as US, Japan and Korea. While this 3 economies receive US $31 billion, US $54 billion and US $22 billion respectively, Australia only receive US $ 960 million (Batt, 2015). From these deregulation the transitioning of the previously assisted farmers to the market driven agriculture has been confirmed (Zhou, 2013). The factors behind the success of the Australian agriculture industry is the protection of the farmers by the government (Sanderson, 2016). To ensure that the incentives of farmers in producing more, the government reformed to abolish imports by raising import quotas and tariffs (dfat.gov.au, 2017). This has helped in ensuring that there is very little or no importation of agricultural products. Irrespective of this, the prices for the products are falling. Recommendations There is high potential for growth in the agriculture industry. If the government could ensure that there are proper water management and supply to support this sector, massive growth could be experienced. The government should also teach the farmers on the best practices they should employ on their farms so as to lower production costs and yield better output. Research and development could result in innovation in the sector thereby boosting production. Conclusions Owing to the own supply of agricultural produce, the Australian are able to enjoy the products at a lower affordable price. A shortage of supply could have raised the living costs owing to the increased food prices. Support by the government is a disincentive to the farmers since for some the major concern is the money to be received by the government. Many people would be employed in the agricultural industry as it expands. References Batt, P. (2015). Australia's 'five strong pillar economy': agriculture. [Online] The Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/australias-five-strong-pillar-economy-agriculture-40388 [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Dfat.gov.au. (2017). Advancing Agriculture Reform in the EU and Australia. [Online] Available at: https://dfat.gov.au/geo/europe/european-union/Documents/advancing_agriculture.pdf [Accessed 12 Apr. 2017]. Gray, E., Oss-Emer, M. and Sheng, Y. (2014). Australian agricultural productivity growth: Past reforms and future opportunities. [Online] oecd.org. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/tad/events/Mr.%20Merrilees_Agricultural%20productivity%20growth%20reforms%20opportunities.pdf [Accessed 12 Apr. 2017]. Harris, D. and Rae, A. (2017). Agricultural Policy Reform and Industry Adjustment in Australia and New Zealand. [Online] Ideas.repec.org. Available at: https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/iapr04/15762.html [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Pc.gov.au. (2005). Trends in Australian Agriculture. [Online] Available at: https://www.pc.gov.au/research/supporting/agriculture [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Sanderson, F. (2016). Agricultural protectionism in the industrialized world. 1st ed. Routledge. Tradingeconomics.com. (2017). Australia GDP from Agriculture | 1974-2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar. [Online] Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/australia/gdp-from-agriculture [Accessed 12 Apr. 2017]. Zhou, Z. (2013). Developing successful agriculture: an Australian case study. Wallingford, UK, CABI.

Bhavesh.Amin Essay Example For Students

Bhavesh.Amin Essay CSC 4810-Artificial Intelligence ASSG# 4 Support Vector MachineSVM is an implementation of Support Vector Machine (SVM). SupportVector Machine was developed by Vapnik. The main futures of the programare the following: for the problem of pattern recognition, for the problemof regression, for the problem of learning a ranking function. Underlyingthe success of SVM are mathematical foundations of statistical learningtheory. Rather than minimizing the training error, SVMs minimizestructural risk which express and upper bound on generalization error. SVM are popular because they usually achieve good error rates and canhandle unusual types of data like text, graphs, and images. SVMs leading idea is to classify the input data separating themwithin a decision threshold lying far from the two classes and scoring alow number of errors. SVMs are used for pattern recognition. Basically,a data set is used to train a particular machine. This machine can learnmore by retraining it with the old data plus the new data. The trainedmachine is as unique as the data that was used to train it and thealgorithm that was used to process the data. Once a machine is trained, itcan be used to predict how closely a new data set matches the trainedmachine. In other words, Support Vector Machines are used for patternrecognition. SVM uses the following equation to trained the VectorMachine: H(x) = sign {wx + b}Wherew = weight vectorb = thresholdThe generalization abilities of SVMs and other classifiers differsignificantly especially when the number of training data is small. Thismeans that if some mechanism to maximize margins of decision boundaries isintroduced to non-SVM type clas sifiers, their performance degradation willbe prevented when the class overlap is scarce or non-existent. In theoriginal SVM, the n-class classification problem is converted into n two-class problems, and in the ith two-class problem we determine the optimaldecision function that separates class i from the remaining classes. Inclassification, if one of the n decision functions classifies an unknowndatum into a definite class, it is classified into that class. In thisformulation, if more than one decision function classifies a datum intodefinite classes, or no decision functions classify the datum into adefinite class, the datum is unclassifiable. To resolve unclassifiable regions for SVMswe discuss four types ofSVMs: one against all SVMs; pairwise SVMs; ECOC (Error Correction OutputCode) SVMs; all at once SVMs; and their variants. Another problem of SVMis slow training. Since SVM are trained by a solving quadratic programmingproblem with number of variables equals to the number of training data,training is slow for a large number of training data. We discuss trainingof Sims by decomposition techniques combined with a steepest ascent method. Support Vector Machine algorithm also plays big role in internetindustry. For example, the Internet is huge, made of billions of documentsthat are growing exponentially every year. However, a problem exists intrying to find a piece of information amongst the billions of growingdocuments. Current search engines scan for key words in the documentprovided by the user in a search query. Some search engines such as Googleeven go as far as to offer page rankings by users who have previouslyvisited the page. This relies on other people ranking the page accordingto their needs. Even though these techniques help millions of users a dayretrieve their information, it is not even close to being an exact science. The problem lies in finding web pages based on your search query thatactually contain the information you are looking for. Here is the figure of SVM algorithm:It is important to understand the mechanism behind the SVM. The SVMimplement the Bayes rule in interesting way. Instead of estimating P(x) itestimates sign P(x)-1/2. This is advantage when our goal is binaryclassification with minimal excepted misclassification rate. However, thisalso means that in some other situation the SVM needs to be modified andshould not be used as is. .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 , .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .postImageUrl , .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 , .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17:hover , .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17:visited , .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17:active { border:0!important; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17:active , .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17 .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0844f3b76de494a344941aba8427ec17:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Move from Vietnam to America EssayIn conclusion, Support Vector Machine support lots of real worldapplications such as text categorization, hand-written characterrecognition, image classification, bioinformatics, etc. Their firstintroduction in early 1990s lead to a recent explosion of applications anddeepening theoretical analysis that was now established Support VectorMachines along with neural networks as one of standard tools for machinelearning and data mining. There is a big use of Support Vector Machine inMedical Field. Reference:Boser, B., Guyon, I and Vapnik, V.N.(1992). A training algorithm foroptimal margin classifiers. http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~cjlin/papers/tanh.pdf