The role of knowledge management in innovation Essay -- Analysis, Mari

This article has been written by Marina du Plessis in 2007. The author intends to make clear the role of experience management in vicissitude as an assist to addressing this complexity and clarify the role of knowledge management in innovation as an aid to addressing this complexity. This is a viewpoint subject which is based on publications research and personal experiences and interpretation from the author. She uses the simple sentences and easy to be understood even for the first timer reader. Furthermore, the arrangement of the learntent is such an empirical paper that may attract readers to read the article. As the other empirical paper, this study also provides abstract that summarises the whole content of this research paper.According to the author, Plessis (2007), the complexity of innovation has increased by growth in the amount of knowledge available to organizations as basis for innovation. This utterment is agreed by other researchers, Adams and Lamont (2003) Card inal et al., (2001) Darroch and McNaughton (2002) Pyka (2002) and Shani et al., (2003) who state that innovation is really dependent on the availability of knowledge and therefore the complexity created by the blast of richness and reach of knowledge has to be identify and managed to ensure successful innovation. Besides that, in a previous study that has been conducted by Ruggles, R. & Little R. (1997), they also have the positive opinion about knowledge management and innovation when they assert that innovation as one end to which knowledge management can be applied. Additionally, innovation has been demonstrated to be a key value creator for organizations, in twain times of cost cutting and in times of growth. As such, it stands out as one splendiferous objectiv... ... teams or learning-by-doing capabilities, which leads to radical product and process innovations. Besides that, explicit knowledge is also an important component of innovation. Rodan (2002) in his case study ass erts that if one views the conuence of tacit and explicit knowledge elements that create a new idea as probabilistic, increasing the opportunities for the said conuence of knowledge elements should raise the frequency of new combinations occurring, thus positively impacting innovation.As a conclusion, it is clear that knowledge management plays a vital essential role in innovation. Therefore, it is very crucial for both knowledge management professional and innovation to understand the systematic relationship between these concepts and the value that it can generate in respect of creating and maintaining sustainable combative advantage for organisation.

Comparison of Shakespeares Tempest and Forbidden Planet :: comparison compare contrast essays

Compari password of Shakespeares disturbance and Forbidden orbiter On first glance, Forbidden Planet screwing easily be seen to par everyel many other whole caboodle relating to technology, nature, or both. One of the most obviousparallels is, of course, to Shakespeares The Tempest, the story of a man stray on an island which he has single-handedly brought under his controlthrough the procedure of magic. Indeed, the characters, plot, and lesson of ForbiddenPlanet mirror almost exactly those of The Tempest, with the exception that whereThe Tempest employs magic, Forbidden Planet utilizes technology. At this point,it is useful to recall unmatched of Arthur C. Clarkes more notable ideas, which isthat any technology, when sufficiently advanced, is indistinguishable from magic.Indeed, the technology presented in Forbidden Planet is not meant to beunderstood by the audience, precisely rather is, for all intents and purposes, magic.This is undoubtedly in part because the technolog y doesnt exist and thereforecannot be explained to us. What is more important, however, is that how thetechnology works is irrelevant for the purpose of the movie, which is toentertain and to teach us a lesson about mans control over the elements andover his own technological creations. At this point a brief synopsis of the movie would seem to be in order,with special attention as to how it relates to The Tempest. In The Tempest, a man named Prospero and his daughter Miranda have beenexiled to a remote island which is completely uninhabited, save for an evilmonster and her son Caliban, and which is in a state of primal chaos. Using themagical powers he has cultivated all his life, Prospero gradually brings theforces of nature on the island under his control, and manages to somehow enslaveCaliban, whose mother has died in the interim. (Some of these details are fuzzybecause I am familiar with The Tempest only through Marx). A group of sailorsis shipwrecked on the island, one of whom falls in love with Miranda, the lovelydaughter of Prospero. Eventually, Caliban and other servants plot to overthrowProspero, but are thwarted and taken back into servitude, thankful to raise offthat easily. Having summarized The Tempest, it is easy to summarize Forbidden Planet.A man named Dr. Morbius and his daughter Altaira are stranded on a distantplanet when a presidential term ship lands there, whose commander falls in love withthe beautiful Altaira. The only significant variation in the two works, otherthen setting, is the conclusion of each. out front we look at the differencesComparison of Shakespeares Tempest and Forbidden Planet comparison compare severalize essays Comparison of Shakespeares Tempest and Forbidden Planet On first glance, Forbidden Planet can easily be seen to parallel many otherworks relating to technology, nature, or both. One of the most obviousparallels is, of course, to Shakespeares The Tempest, the story of a manstranded on an island which he has single-handedly brought under his controlthrough the use of magic. Indeed, the characters, plot, and lesson of ForbiddenPlanet mirror almost exactly those of The Tempest, with the exception that whereThe Tempest employs magic, Forbidden Planet utilizes technology. At this point,it is useful to recall one of Arthur C. Clarkes more famous ideas, which isthat any technology, when sufficiently advanced, is indistinguishable from magic.Indeed, the technology presented in Forbidden Planet is not meant to beunderstood by the audience, but rather is, for all intents and purposes, magic.This is undoubtedly in part because the technology doesnt exist and thereforecannot be explained to us. What is more important, however, is that how thetechnology works is irrelevant for the purpose of the movie, which is toentertain and to teach us a lesson about mans control over the elements andover his own technological creations. At this point a brief synopsis of the movie would seem to be in order,w ith special attention as to how it relates to The Tempest. In The Tempest, a man named Prospero and his daughter Miranda have beenexiled to a remote island which is completely uninhabited, save for an evilmonster and her son Caliban, and which is in a state of primal chaos. Using themagical powers he has cultivated all his life, Prospero gradually brings theforces of nature on the island under his control, and manages to somehow enslaveCaliban, whose mother has died in the interim. (Some of these details are fuzzybecause I am familiar with The Tempest only through Marx). A group of sailorsis shipwrecked on the island, one of whom falls in love with Miranda, the lovelydaughter of Prospero. Eventually, Caliban and other servants plot to overthrowProspero, but are thwarted and taken back into servitude, thankful to get offthat easily. Having summarized The Tempest, it is easy to summarize Forbidden Planet.A man named Dr. Morbius and his daughter Altaira are stranded on a distantplanet when a government ship lands there, whose commander falls in love withthe beautiful Altaira. The only significant difference in the two works, otherthen setting, is the conclusion of each. Before we look at the differences

Central America Essay -- Central American History

Central America Central America, just south of Mexico and North of Panama, consists ofjust half-dozen countries Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,and Costa Rica. Of those six, all sh are a distinct common history exceptfor Belize. Belize for one is incredibly small, and while Spanish is theofficial wrangle of other Central American countries, in Belize English isspoken. So throughout this paper as I carelessly say Central American Iam non including Belize whose history and development was far differentthan the others. Although Central America is located close to the United States inrelation to the Eastern Hemisphere, our ways of life are indescribablydifferent. When we discuss Poverty in the United States more of us,including myself, dont really know what poverty is. It seems like onlya select few are afflict by it here and programs like Welfare and FoodStamps (with varying degrees of success) seem to lessen the effects. In Central America when one speak s about poverty he/she is including alarge proportion of the population. One measure of poverty is the earningpower of an individual. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is a measureof income is around $12,000 in the United States. In Central America onthe other hand, the wealthiest Country, Costa Rica, came in at just under$2000. Distortion plays a role on the $2000 also, due to the position the theelite-rich have an enormous concentration of wealth and land ownership, thereal GDP of the poorer half of the population is around $200-$400 a year(Pg 10, Booth and Walker). consequent poverty or as a result is poor orunavailable education, health care, and an extremely bad job market. Government for the people and by the ... ...nt sure howmuch more aid he could get to Somoza so he pushed for a major offensive. In,1987, without each side attaining a clear victory, negotiations began. In1990, Daniel Ortega, a Sandinista was voted out of power to a moreconservative , Violeta Bar rios de Chamorro. In the end there was basically a stalemate, neither side attained a clearvictory. Had the United States not intervened things most likely wouldhave been very different. Our intervention has left a lasting impression onNicaraguas political and economic situation. In a rebellion which caused $1.5 billion in property loss, a 2% reduction in the overall population,and years of turmoil (Pg 68, Booth and Walker) the interior(prenominal) market wasdestroyed. No one can say whether our actions were justified or not but it will mostlikely be on the minds of many Nicaraguans for a long time to come..

What is Education? Education has been an important aspect in people’s l

What is Education? Education has been an authorized aspect in peoples lives. As childrenWhat is Education?Education has been an important aspect in peoples lives. Aschildren, they start their academic careers in elementary school andas they grow older they move onto center(a) school, and then finally highschool. I believe that from elementary school to high school,students are getting the minimal amount of education. Some people point their education after their grade twelve year and some(a) go ontopost-secondary institutions. In addition, I also believe thatstudents who finish high school al unity decide non to pursuepost-secondary schools will have acquired enough education to carry onwith their lives and as well as getting entry take notes. Furthermore, students who continue their education in colleges anduniversities will become more academically skilled while increasingtheir chances of getting a well paid job (depending on their major).Their lives will be enriched as well. In this paper, I will fence my thoughts on what is the experience ofeducation. There are many ways to argue what the experience ofeducation is. My argument is that the experience of education meansgaining the skills and knowledge to not only to survive in the realworld, but to gain awareness and appreciation for life-long learningand the things that happen around us.Education is such a broad field as there are so many educational pathsto take to become successful in a particular field. Common knowledgesays that the education weve experienced in elementary school havehelped effectuate us for middle school. The same thing applies for entryto high school from middle school. These events from the threedifferent c... ...e different situations. Theseskills should not be overlooked and should not be taken for granted. We must appreciate the world around us and be thankful for whateducation has provided us. Without education, we may not be able todo everyday things such as calculating o ur expenses, thinkinglogically, and interpreting ones idea, etc. I believe that in life,all people to some extent are committed to life-long learning. Everyday we go through an experience such as studying at school,helping out in the community, or being a good Samaritan. For everyexperience we gain, we use that experience to gain another experience.Works CitedBarnhart, Clarence L., & Robert K. Barnhart, eds. The World BookDictionary Volume one A-K. Chicago, IL World Book Inc., 1993.Dewey, John. My Pedagogic Creed. The School Journal 54, no.3, 16January 1897 77 80.

Confronting Fear in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now :: Movie Film comparison compare contrast

Confronting Fear in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now Inherent inside every human soul is a savage evil side that remains repressed by society. Often this evil side breaks out during times of isolation from our culture, and whenever one culture confronts another. accounting is loaded with examples of atrocities that have occurred when one culture comes into contact with another. Whenever fundamentally different cultures meet, there is often a fear of contamination and loss of self that leads us to discover more rough our true selves, often causing perceived madness by those who have yet to discover. The Puritans left Europe in hopes of determination a new world to welcome them and their beliefs. What they found was a vast new world, loaded with Indian cultures new to them. This overwhelming cultural interaction caused nigh Puritans to go mad and try to purge themselves of a perceived evil. This came to be known as the Salem witch trials. During World War II, Germany made an strain to overrun Europe. What happened when the Nazis came into power and persecuted the Jews in Germany, Austria and Poland is well known as the Holocaust. Here, humans evil side provides one of the scariest occurrences of this century. Adolf Hitler and his Nazi counterparts conducted raids of the ghettos to locate and often exterminate any Jews they found. Although Jews argon the most widely known victims of the Holocaust, they were not the only targets. When the war ended, 6 million Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovahs Witnesses, Communists, and others targeted by the Nazis, had died in the Holocaust. Most of these deaths occurred in gas chambers and mess hall shootings. This gruesome attack was motivated mainly by the fear of cultural intermixing which would impurify the Master Race. Joseph Conrads book, The Heart of Darkness and Francis Coppolas movie, Apocalypse Now are both stories about Mans journey into his self, and the discoveries to be made there. They are als o about Man confronting his fears of failure, insanity, death, and cultural contamination. During Marlows mission to find Kurtz, he is also trying to find himself. He, standardised Kurtz had good intentions upon entering the Congo. Conrad tries to show us that Marlow is what Kurtz had been, and Kurtz is what Marlow could become. Every human has a little of Marlow and Kurtz in them. Marlow says about himself, I was getting savage (Conrad), meaning that he was becoming more like Kurtz.

Confronting Fear in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now :: Movie Film comparison compare contrast

Confronting Fear in Heart of evil and Apocalypse Now inwrought inside every human soul is a savage evil side that remains repressed by society. Often this evil side breaks issue during times of isolation from our culture, and whenever one culture confronts another. History is loaded with examples of atrocities that consecrate occurred when one culture comes into contact with another. Whenever fundamentally different cultures meet, there is often a fear of contamination and loss of self that leads us to discover more close our true selves, often causing perceived madness by those who have yet to discover. The Puritans left Europe in hopes of chance uponing a new world to welcome them and their beliefs. What they found was a vast new world, loaded with Indian cultures new to them. This overwhelming cultural interaction caused some Puritans to go mad and try to purge themselves of a perceived evil. This came to be known as the capital of Oregon witch trials. During World War II , Germany made an attempt to overrun Europe. What happened when the Nazis came into power and persecuted the Jews in Germany, Austria and Poland is well known as the Holocaust. Here, humans evil side provides one of the scariest occurrences of this century. Adolf Hitler and his Nazi counterparts conducted raids of the ghettos to locate and often exterminate any Jews they found. Although Jews are the most widely known victims of the Holocaust, they were not the only targets. When the war ended, 6 million Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovahs Witnesses, Communists, and others targeted by the Nazis, had died in the Holocaust. Most of these deaths occurred in gas chambers and mass shootings. This gruesome attack was motivated mainly by the fear of cultural intermixing which would impurify the Master Race. Joseph Conrads book, The Heart of Darkness and Francis Coppolas movie, Apocalypse Now are both stories about Mans journey into his self, and the discoveries to be made there. Th ey are also about Man confronting his fears of failure, insanity, death, and cultural contamination. During Marlows mission to find Kurtz, he is also trying to find himself. He, like Kurtz had good intentions upon entering the Congo. Conrad tries to show us that Marlow is what Kurtz had been, and Kurtz is what Marlow could become. Every human has a little of Marlow and Kurtz in them. Marlow says about himself, I was getting savage (Conrad), meaning that he was becoming more like Kurtz.

Enron Versus Bombay Politicians Essay

On August 3,1995, the Maharashtra state government of India, dominated by the nationalist right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP), abruptly canceled Enrons $2.9 billion major power put in Dabhol, located south of Bombay, the industrial heartland of India. This came as a huge blow to Rebecca P. Mark, the chairman and chief executive of Enrons international power unit, who spearheaded the Houston-based energy heavyweights international investment drive. Upon the news release, Enrons share price fell immediately by about 10 per centum to $33.5. Mark sprang to serve to resuscitate the merchandise with the Maharashtra state, promising concessions. This effort, however, was met with scorn from BJP politicians. Enrons Dabhol debacle cast a serious doubt on the companys aggressive worldwide expansion strategy, involving some $10 billion in projects in power plants and pipelines spanning across Asia, South America, and Middle East Enron became involved in the project in 1992 when the ne w reformist government of the Congress Party (1), led by Prime Minister Narasimha Rao, was keen on attracting foreign investment in infrastructure. subsequently meeting with the Indian government officials visiting Houston in May, Enron dispatched executives to Indian to hammer out a memorandum of understanding in just 10 old age to build a massive 2,015-megawatt Dabhol power complex. New Delhi placed the project on a fast track and awarded it to Enron without competitive bidding. Subsequently, the Maharashtra State Electricity maturate (MSEB) agreed to buy 90 percent of the power Dabhol produces. Tow other U. S. companies, General Electric GE) and Bechtel Group, agreed to join Enron as parents for the Dabhol project. In the process of structuring the deal, Enron make a profound political miscalculation It did not seriously take into consideration a rising backlash against foreign investments by an opposition merger led by the BJP. During the state election campaign in early 1995, the BJP called for a reevaluation of the Enron project. Jay Dubashi, the BJPs economic advisor ,said that the BJP would review all foreign investments already in India, and If it turns out that we guide to ask them to go ,then well ask them to go.Instead of waiting for the election results, Enron rushed to close thedeal and began construction, apparently believing that a new government would find it difficult to unwind the deal when construction was already under way. Enron was not very concerned with local political sentiments. Enron fought to remark the contract details confidential, but a successful lawsuit by a Bombay consumer group forced the company to reveal the details Enron would receive 7.4 cents per kilowatt-hour from MSER and Enrons rate of return would be 23 percent, far higher than 16 percent over the capital cost that the Indian government guaranteed to others. Critics cited the disclosure as proof that Enron had exaggerated project costs to begin with and that the deal might have involved corruption. The BJP won the 1995 election in Maharashtra state and fulfilled its promise. Manohar Joshi, the pertly elected chief minister of Maharashtra, who campaigned on a authority to drive Enron into the sea, promptly canceled the project, citing inflated project costs and too high electricity rates. This pledge played well with Indian voters with visceral distrust of foreign companies since the British colonial era. (It helps to recall that India was first colonized by a foreign company, the British East India Company.)By the time the project was canceled, Enron already had invested some $300 million. Officials of the Congress Party who championed the Dabhol in the first place did not come to rescue of the project. The BJP criticized the Congress Party, rightly or wrongly, for being too corrupt to reform the economy and too cozy with business interests. In an effort to pressure Maharashtra to sprain its decision, Enron pushed like hell the U.S. E nergy Department to make a statement in June 1995 to the effect that canceling the Enron deal could adversely affect other power projects. The narrative only compounded the situation. The BJP politicians immediately criticized the statement as an attempt by Washington to build India. After months of nasty exchanges and lawsuits, Enron and Maharashtra negotiators agreed to revive the Dabhol project. The new deal requires that Enron cut the projects cost from $2.9 billion to $2.5 billion , lower the proposed electricity rates , and make a state-owned utility a new percent partner of the project. A satisfied Joshi, the chief minister, stated Maharashtra has gained tremendously by this decision. Enron needed to make a major concession to demonstrate that its global power projects are still on track. The new deal led Enron to withdraw a lawsuit seeking $500 billion in damages from Maharashtra for thecancellation of the Dabhol projectPlease write a two-page essay to discuss the following points. 1. Discuss the chief mistake that Enron made in Indian2. Discuss what Enron might have done differently to avoid its predicament in India. You can look through the mini case and also search the related materials online in pasture to prepare the essay, but be sure to specify the information sources in the end of essay.

Social Capital

In recent decades, many well-disposed scientists have drawn aid to the importance of social detonating device. Social capital is meant to capture the value, economic and otherwise, that comes from social networks, through which battalion frequently interact with one another(prenominal). But what if social capital ends up contributing to the rise of extreme movements, including fascism? It is well-established that individuals and societies can gain a great deal from polite institutions, such as parent-teacher associations, athletic leagues, churches and music clubs.High levels of social capital have been associated with numerous social benefits, including improvements in health, promise-keeping, trust, altruism, compliance with the law, child welfare and individual happiness. Harvard University political scientist Robert Putnam has done a great deal to explore the beneficial effects of social capital. In his book Bowling Alone, he documented what he saw as its decline in the U . S. , connecting that decline with a wide range of social problems. Pointing to interrogation by Putnam and others, many people have argued that the U.S. and other nations should make a sustained effort to measure and improver social capital, with particular attention to civic associations that help to generate it. At the same time, social capital can have a dark side. If people are in a social network whose members are interested in committing crimes, the existence of social capital will promote criminal activity. A fascinating recent study called Bowling for Fascism goes much further It shows that the rise of Nazism was greatly facilitated by unusually high levels of social capital in Weimar Germany.The research offers an important and novel perspective on Adolf Hitlers ascension to power. And by identifying conditions that help to spread extremism, it also offers significant lessons for the present, including the risk of terrorism. The study, conducted by upstart York Univers itys Shanker Satyanath and his co-authors, is based on a wide range of original materials, including Nazi Party membership lists and hand-collected data from 112 German towns.The central question Who was close to likely to join the Nazi Party? In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Germany had an exceptionally vibrant civil society that included clubs involved in hiking, animal breeding, shooting, gymnastics, bowling, fire fighting and singing. The authors principal finding is that in cities with dense networks of clubs and associations, Germans were far more likely to join the Nazi Party. Intheir words, a dense textile of civic associations went hand-in-hand with a more rapid rise of Nazi party membership. It could be suggested that some independent factor, such as socioeconomic status or religion, accounts both for associational activity and for willingness to join the Nazi Party. But that suggestion is inconsistent with the evidence. Even if we control for these and other variable s, a dense network of civic associations is correlated with significantly higher rates of entry into the Nazi Party.This finding undermines the view, held by some, that the Nazi Party succeeded by appealing to people who were socially detached and that Hitler was able to draw support largely from the lonely and the rootless. But this evidence strongly suggests otherwise. Nazism spread in part as a proceeds of face-to-face interactions by people who were in frequent contact with one another. Consider the chilling remarks of a Nazi Party member who recalled his growing association with a colleague of my own age with whom I had frequent conversations.He was a calm, quiet person whom I esteemed very highly. When I found let on that he was one of the local leaders of the National Socialist party, my opinion of it as a group of criminals changed completely. The authors central findings fit well with emerging research on the immense importance of social influences on individual behavi or. With respect to music, political convictions, voting and food, we constantly learn from others. Like-minded people tend to go to extremes, in large part because they learn from each other.Within nations and around the world, modern social media connect disparate people and hence build social capital, intensify social influences on thought and behavior. For the current period, there is a straightforward lesson. Individuals and nations generally benefit from large numbers of private associations, including sports clubs, religious groups and parent-teacher associations. But in some nations, dense social networks also increase peoples vulnerability to extremism.A great deal of work suggests that terrorism itself can arise not because people are isolated, poor or badly educated, but because they are part of tightly knit networks in which hateful ideas travel quickly. No one should doubt that private associations are desirable and valuable, and that they can produce a dazzling range of social goods, including checks on the power of government. But Satyanath and his co-authors reveal another possibility that such associations can facilitate the spread of extremism, ultimately laying the groundwork for serious challenges to democracy itself.

Nursing Theories and Profesionalism

Term paper on breast feeding allot theories and models and their application to 1. s wellspringed health c ar for 2. fellowship wellness breast feeding 3. Reproductive Health breast feeding A surmise is a set of propositions used to describe , exempt predict and control. Nursing surmisal is the term given to the body of familiarity that is used to define or explain various aspects of each profession of breast feeding. Levels of nurse theories. * Grand nursing theories. This case of supposition has the broadest scope and present general apprehension and propositions.Theories at this level may twain reflect and provide acuteness useful for habituate but are not designed for empirical testing. This limits the use of grand nursing theories for directing, explaining and predicting nursing in exceptional situations . * Mid enjoin nursing theories. Are narrower in scope than grand nursing theories and offer an effective bridge between grand nursing theories and nursing pract ice. They present concept and positions at a lower level of abstraction and hold great promise for increasing theory-based research and nursing practice strategies. * Nursing practice theories.Nursing practice theories pass water the most limited scope and level of abstraction and are developed for use within a specific range of nursing situations. Nursing practice theories provide frameworks for nursing interventions and predict outcomes and the impact of nursing practice. Types of theories. i. Descriptive theory it defines properties and components of a chink, it sorts out meaning and observations and sets forth what elements exists in the discipline it identifies and describes specific characteristics of particular people, groups, situation or event. ii.Explanatory theory identifies how the properties and components relate to each other and accounts for how the properties and components related to each other and accounts for how the discipline functions. It describes relations hips among various phenomena. iii. Predictive theory predicts the relationship between the components of a phenomenon and predicts what conditions it will occur but does not provide control. iv. Prescriptive Theory addresses nursing therapeutics and consequences of interventions. Such theories designate under what conditions something should occur.Characteristics of nursing theory * They are interrelating concepts in such a way as to create a different way of looking at a particular phenomenon. * Logical in nature. * Generalizable. * Bases for hypotheses that can be tested. * Increasing the general body of knowledge within the discipline through the research implemented to validate them. * use by the practitioners to guide and improve their practice. * Consistent with other validated theories, laws and principles but will leave open unanswered questions that pauperization to be investigated. 1. ENVIRONMENTAL conjecture FLORENCE NIGHTNGALEThe environ psychological theory is attrib uted to Florence Nightingale. The main focus of her theory is the control of the environment of individuals and families both reasoned and ill. She discusses the need for ventilation and light in sickroom, proper administration of sewage and appropriate nutrition. Her ideas about nursing have guided both theoretical thought and genuine nursing practice throughout the history of groundbreaking nursing. Nightingale considered nursing similar to a religious calling to be answered only by women with an all consuming and passionate response.She considered nursing to be both an art and science and believed that take ins should be formally educated. . Application of environmental theory in Adult health nursing Unnecessary kerfuffle is not healthy for recuperating patients. Nightingale advocated for a quite environment in the hospitals. Petty management proposed the avoidance of psychological harm no upsetting news strictly warfare issues and concerns should not be discussed inside the hospital. She forget ins the use of small pets of psychological therapy while nursing adult patients.Dietary intake- patients to be fed with clean food and water lightheaded has quite as real and tangible effects to the body. Her nursing intervention includes direct exposure t sunlight. Control of room temperature- patients should be defyd at appropriate temperature With the use of Nightingales ideas hospitals became a place for people to recover rather Than a place to die. Community Health Nursing Warmth quiet and food environment she introduced the manipulation of the environment for patients adaptation such as fire operating the windows and repositioning the room seasonally.Cleanliness and sanitation- she assumes that dirty environment was the line of descent of infection and rejected the germ theory. Her nursing interventions focus on proper handling and disposal of bodily secretions and sewage frequent bathing for patients and nurses, clean dress and hand washing. The e nvironmental theory is utilized by modern architecture in the prevention of sick building syndrome applying the principles of ventilation and good lighting. Noise management- noise pollutes the environment making it unhealthy for people and can cause serious conditions e. . ear problems When for a reason hospitals did not hire their own nursing graduates nurses utilise nightingales principles in the community in the development of public health nursing. Reproductive Health Nursing Good balanced diet is important to pregnant women in order to bring forth healthy children. Clean environment is an important aspect in child delivery to prevent postnatal complications this is a sop up application of the environmental theory. 2. DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES. Developmental theories are called sometimes theories of growth and development.Development models emphasize exploites of growth development and maturation. Focus is also on identification of actual and potential developmental problems an d delineation of intervention strategies that foster maximum growth and development of people and their environment. The theorists classified under the developmental model branch include 1. Sigmund Freud Freud proposed one of the best known grand theories of child development. According to Freuds theory child development occurs in a series of stages focused on different pleasure areas of the body.During each stage the child encounters conflicts that play a major role in the course of development. 2. Erick Erickson Rather than focusing on knowledgeable interest as a driving force in development, Erickson believed that social interaction and experience played a decisive role. His eight stage theory of human development described this process from infancy through death. During each stage people are faced with a developmental conflict that impacts afterward functioning and further growth 3. Jean Watson Caring is the most important aspect of nursing.According to Watson fondness is when the nurse enters in to the experience of some other soul and another can enter into the nurses experiences (Watson 1989 pg 234) Her main concern in the development of this theory is to balance the impersonal aspects of nursing business organization that are found in the technical and scientific aspects of practice with the personal and interpersonal elements of care that grow from a humanistic belief in life. She openly recognized the clients and familys ghostlyity and spiritual beliefs as an essential element of health 4. Madeleine Leiningers Cultural care DiversityLeininger states that care is the essence of nursing a man caring and dominant distinctive and unifying feature of nursing. This model model emphasizes that health and care are influenced by elements of social structure such as technology, religious and philosophical factors, phylogenetic relation and social systems, cultural values political and legal factors economic and educational factors. Along with the unive rsal nature of human beings as caring beings, the cultural care values, beliefs and practices that are specific to a given culture provide a basis for the patterns, conditions and actions associated with human care.Application of Developmental theories Adult health Nursing. According to Watsons caring way, the theory helps in establishing a relationship of help and trust between the nurse and the client. Watsons theory aids in the adult patients/clients nursing as they are able to express both positive and negative feelings with acceptance. It assists in whatever way deemed appropriate to meet the basic human needs of the client. Community health nursing Watsons model aids in manipulating the environment to make it more supportive, protective or connective for the client with any type of disease process.Watsons theory recognizes the clients and familys spirituality and spititual beliefs as an essential element of health. Reproductive Health nursing Developmental theories are useful in assessing whether a childs growth and developmental stage is keeping pace with his chronological age. Children falling outside the normal ranges need medical and nursing interventions. Growth and developmental theories are also useful to nurses commandment parents about what to expect from their children at certain ages and stages.Through the study of developmental theories, nurses scan and should remember that although knowing characteristic traits, developmental tasks and stages is useful, each individual is unique in style and behavior. 3. INTERACTIVE MODEL. This model emphasizes the importance of interpersonal relationships between the nurse and the person. It focuses on identifying any interpersonal problems and providing intervention techniques to promote optimal acculturation. The leading theorists of interactive model include Hildegard Peplaus interpersonal theory.Her theory of interpersonal relations provides a useful framework for investigating clinical phenomena and guiding nurses actions. Her theory focuses primary on the nurse-client relationship in which problem solving are developed. 4 phases occur during this interactive process orientation, identification, exploitation and resolution phase. Throughout these phases, the conselling, leadership, surrogate, resource person and teaching role. Virginia Hendersons Model. The foundation of Hendersons theory is that nurses should focus on the patients rather than the task.The core component to Hendersons theory is for nurses to help patients become self sufficient. She emphasized the importance of increasing the patients independence so that progress after hospitalization would not be delayed. APPLICATION OF INTERPERSONAL THEORIES Adult Health Nursing Peplaus theory is significant for practice in that it propelled psychiatric nursing from custodial based care to interpersonal relationship theory based care Peplaus theory has provided an enduring educational for teaching the nurse patient relatio nships as a pivotal nursing process in all contexts of practice.The therapeutic nurse patient relationship promotes active intricacy of patients in their health care. Peplaus theoretical work has also promoted a paradigm of professionalization and empowerment for educating nurses for the 21st century. Nursing education has been deeply bear on by Hendersons clear vision of the function of nurses. The nursing theories of Peplau and Henderson are commonly used by psychologists and psychiatrists as well as nurses in mental health clinic settings. They provide a framework for understanding patients reactions to infirmity, accept, deaths and traumatic life events.Henderson conceptualizes the nurses role as assisting sick or healthy individuals to gain independence in meeting 14 fundamental needs. Community Health nursing. Interactive models are applied in the community as there is enhancement of social acts and relationships, through interaction of the community members and the nurse. People are able to clearly identify any problems they may have and look for intervention techniques to promote optimal socialization amongst themselves. Hendersons theory expects society to contribute to nursing education.Reproductive health Nursing. Marriage and family-This theory can involve marriage and family planning methods for adults. This process teaches abstinence and practicing good sex until marriage. Nurses open lines of good communication to address the concerns the client has about preventing unwanted pregnancy. Family planning programs are available to young adults interested in practicing birth control techniques and abstinence until marriage. Nurses counsel on the choice of birth control, its use or change of use.As per Peplaus theory, the nurse assumes the teaching role and assists couples in knowledge concerning the fertility cycles. 4. SYSTEMS THEORIES. The systems model of nursing views the person as a multidimensional being who reacts continually to a world o f adjudicateors. Systems may be closed or open depending on the amount of information coming in or out of the systems. Opens systems allow for exchange of information through their bounderies. closed systems refer to soaked structures in which minimal exchange of ideas are limited. Some theorists include King Imogene, Neuman and Orem.Imogene King. His theory describes a moral force interpersonal relationship in which a person grows and develops to attain certain life goals. Betty Neuman Her theory is a nursing theory based on the individuals relationship to stress, the relationship to it and reconstitution factors that are dynamic in nature. The purpose of the nurse is to retain this systems stability through the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Roys adaptation model. Roys model sees individuals a set of interrelated systems (biological, psychological and social).The individual strives to live within a unique band in which he or she can cope adequately. Nursing attempts to alter the environment when the person is not adapting well or has in effecting coping responses. According to The Roy adaptation model, the person has coping mechanisms that are broadly categorize in either regulator or cognator systems. Orems General theory of nursing. Orems theory revolves around a person centered model, in which the nurse identifies self care needs of the patient and then works as collaboratively as possible with the patient to meet those needs.The theory includes self care, self care deficit and nursing system concepts. APPLICATION OF SYSTEMS THEORY Adult Health nursing. Kings theory highlights the importance of a clients companionship in decision making that influence care and focuses on both the process of nurse-client interaction and the outcomes of care. Newnans system model is applied in attempting to resort the stability of the system using the primary, secondary and tertiary interventions. Neumanns theory is also used in practice and in research.It s concentric layers allow for a simple classification of how severe a problem is the level of insult can be quantified allowing for graduated intervention. Todays nurses use nursing diagnoses to describe patients problems. Orems self care deficits are well represented here. Roys adaptation theory is applied in nursing as it allows to assess patients stressors and abilities to cope. Nurses familiar with adaptation theories can help patients realistically appraise their stressors, examine their usual coping responses and if necessary acquire new ones.By use of these theories in adult nursing, nurses can interact with the patients to facilitate achievement of health-related goals. Community Health nursing As people interact with others in the community, they must continually adjust to stressors in the internal and external environment Nurses can effectively provide care at the interactional systems level at which they deal with small to moderate-sized groups in activities such as grou p therapy and in health promotion classes. Kings theory offers insight into nurses interaction with individuals and groups within the environment.The role of nursing at the social systems level can be expanded to include involvement in Policy decisions that have an effect on the health care system as a whole. Orems self care deficit theory has been widely adopted in a variety of clinical settings like rehabilitation nursing, with its focus on addressing self care deficits in patients with physical disability or chronic illness and home health nursing which is aimed at making patients as safe and independent as possible in their own homes. Reproductive Health nursingParenthood and stress management-Nurses taking part in family planning are available with advice after delivery of the child. This postnatal care consists of feeding techniques, health concerns for the baby as well as for the mother. Nursing give needed counseling and support to mothers who might experience postpartum dep ression. These theories provide the necessary guidance to couples to handle the entire process from conception to birth so that the couple can make the most of becoming a happy and healthy family. Orems self care theory is applies in diagnosing various reproduction disorders.Reference * Yema M. Luhahi, Nursing Theories and professionalism, NRSG 121RN, BSN, MPH, Senior lecturer. * Linderg and al (1998) introduction to Nursing concepts. issues and opportunities. * Barium Barbara (1998). Nursing theory Analysis, Evaluation, Lippincott Williams and Wikins ISBN 978. * Allender J N(2001)Community Health concepts and practice,8th edition. * Tomey A M Alligood. MR. (2002)Nursing theorist and their work(5th edition),Mosby, Philadelphia. * Memmott,Rae Jeane,use of the Neumann systems model in interdisciplinary team.

Comparison of The Lottery and The Story of an Hour Essay

The Story of an Hour, by Kate Chopin this story was about a wife who was told that her husband had died. The wife went through many emotions but the chief(prenominal) emotion she went through upon hearing about her husbands death was elation. She felt free from his presence in her life, but at the same time, she withal felt sadness. She did not feel sadness for her husbands death. She felt the sadness for her happiness about his death. When she aband unmatchedd herself a little whispered denomination escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath free, free, free (The Story of an Hour, by Kathy Chopin). In this excerpt the writer describes how Mrs. mallard was feeling about the death of her husband. But now there was a dull stare in her eye, whose gaze was fixed away off distant on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of in identifyigent thought.This quotation appears subsequently Mrs . Mallard goes to her elbow room to be alone with her thoughts. This quote gives us insight into how Mrs. Mallard feelings are developing about the death if her husband. She sees something completely different than what someone else would see after finding out their husband has died suddenly. The lottery, by Shirley Jackson this story is about rituals. The t declarespeople gather every year on June 27th. The townspeople soak up many emotions toward their yearly ritual. They feel apprehension, excitement, anticipations, sadness and relief. In this story, the Lottery is to pick someone in the town that must be stoned to death to preserve their yearly ritual. The person that wins after the motions of picking pieces of paper out of a box happens to be the late comer to the Event. Soon the men began to gather, surveying their own children, speaking of planting and rain, tractors and taxes.They stood together, away from the pile of stones in the corner, and their jokes were quiet and they smiled rather than laughed (The Lottery, Shirley Jackson) this quote gives the reader insight into how the men were apprehensive and uneasy around one another. They exhibited signs of worry and uneasiness about the events that were to follow. These two stories are alike in the way that the characters in the story go through high and low emotions. some(prenominal) writers are females and they write their stories in the third person, both stories are best described as a limited third person. Kate Chopin has written her story from the stop consonant of view of the wife but mostly third person limited. The story begins with a narrator but then the wifes thoughts begin to tell what she is feeling from her point.In The Lottery, the story is third person only, the author, has the narrator tell the story as if he were there but not directly tough in the actions of the story. These two stories have a unique way of getting the readers attention in how they wrote their stories. Kate Ch opin gives the reader the impression the story is passing game to be a long drawn out tale but the story is based off the hour that Mrs. Mallard has to contemplate what her life exit be like without her husband. Whereas, The Lottery is a drawn out story that in real time only takes approximately 15-20 minutes to complete the toil of picking out pieces of papers and stoning the winner. Shirley Jackson expands her story on what the atmosphere is like with the townspeople, she also goes in depth with the many characters. Shirley Jacksons, The Lottery could have been shorten but would have spoiled the suspense.

Domestic Animal Abuse Essay

Domestic sentient being cry is a difficult topic to separate from the agendas of those who would check it. The reports atomic number 18 certainly horrible enough on their own a husband and wife are arrested for shipping 182 brutesmostly colliesin a tractor-trailer truck, a ho occasion is effect filled with filthy, dying cats, dogs, and birds hundreds of dogs be bugger off flat annu bothy from being left unattended in the cars during the summer heat. Of course, wolfs do not need to die en masse for exclaim to take key.Every day, family pets are forced to suffer hatred that would be otherwise aimed at military personnel family members, they are tied(p) outside without food and water, or they are simply ignored to death. Combating fauna abuse can be difficult, however. In addition to the agendas shaping any efforts against it, no single legal definition exists for what constitutes domestic beast abuse. Because of this lack of a single definition, there can be no single u nionise of prosecution. Yet, the signification of animal abuse goes far beyond that of the obvious cruelty to animals.It can be used as a predictor for people who develop sociopathy and has been machine-accessible with the occurrence of domestic abuse in the home. This paper will be used to discuss some of the difficulties that are associated with defining and legislating domestic animal abuse. It will a resembling offer some discussion of the effects of this pervasive problem. Defining Domestic Animal Abuse Despite each(prenominal) of the annual occurrences of domestic animal abuse, there is no single definition for what constitutes such abuse.Animal rights extremist organizations, such as the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PeTA), the Humane order for the coupled States (HSUS), and the Doris Day Animal League (DDAL) all believe that any use of animals constitute animal abuse. Ultimately, according to these organizations, any use of domestic animals constitutes a buse even merely keeping a pet in ones home is an abusive act. Using this reason any animal husbandry, from fosterage chickens for eggs, to keeping cows for milk, or any recessicipation in the meat or fur industry constitutes abuse.Medical science represents the worst of these abuses, since it takes away the rights of an animal by sacrificing its health or life in favor of preserving human health or lives (Goodwin and Morrison). Legal definitions of domestic animal abuse, or animal cruelty, are much broader than this very narrow stance. Many state laws define animals as being vertebrate animals that are not human beings, although some states too let in birds such as parrots or sparrows, as well. separate states do not refer to what defines an animal at all. In addition, some states do not concede fish or shellfish to be intromitd in the discussion.If the laws bear oning the definition of animal, pet or companion animal are so variable, then it should come as no surprise that laws defining abuse itself are varied, as well. However, it is common to break cruelty to animals down into two broad categories passive (acts of omission) and restless (acts of commission). Although there are no clearly defined categories for these acts or inactions, there are certain poses of behavior that occur under the overall umbrella of animal cruelty or abuse (Animal Cruelty, n. d. , par. 1).Passive acts of cruelty are sometimes called animal neglect. These kinds of cruelty usually involve withholding something from the animal, such as food or water. In addition, passive acts might include failure to act if a pet becomes infested with any kind of parasite or if a collar becomes embedded into a pets skin overdue to the growth of the pet (Pet-Abuse. com pars. 4-5). In general, neglect is treated as a nestling offense if only one animal, or a small number of animals, is involved. The severity of the crime increases, however, with and progressively large number of animals involved.Neglect cases whitethorn alike be divided between unintentional neglect, caused by ignorance, and intentional or willful neglect, caused by knowingly mistreating an animal (Lockwood, 2006, p. 19). Active acts of cruelty include force out against animals, often referred to as torture, malicious intent, or non-accidental injury (Animal Cruelty, n. d. , par. 6). Such abuse is of greater concern than is passive animal abuse. Some forms of violent active animal abuse is associated with other crimes, such as domestic abuse or child abuse. These abuses can also be used as a predictor of other crimes.Both of these observations will be expanded upon in a later section of this paper. Animal hoard, organized sporting abuse, ritualistic abuse, and the use of animals for sexual gaiety are all forms of active animal abuse (Lockwood, 2006, pp. 20-23). All of these forms of animal abuse are serious numbers, causing both concern and expense for the community as a whole. Even animal ho rding, which is sometimes caricatured in moviesperhaps with an elderly female character with a house wide-eyed of skinny, yowling catsshould be a matter of concern for society. cod to the hidden concerns of this form of abuse somewhat more discussion will be given to this form of abuse than the other three mentioned. Animal hoarding is a familiar to many of us however, it is not always recognized for the problem that it is. It seems to be increasingly common to hear about a raid on a home that contains dozens, if not hundreds, of malnourished and half-wild animals, even if it is only reported as a human interest story or in the late-night television comedians monologue. However, according to Patronek, Loar, and Nathanson (2006) animal hoardingis an important, misunderstood, and under-recognized community problem that affects both human and animal welfare. It is responsible for substantial animal suffering and dimension damage. Often associated with adult self-neglect, animal hoard ing can also place children, elders, and dependent adults at serious risk and can be an economic burden to taxpayers. (p. 1) Although not always recognized as a problem, animal hoarding is relatively clear to identify. It is characterized by four factors 1) the lack of the minimum physical care needed by the animals,2) the abusers inability to recognize the abuse, 3) the obsession to continue stack away animals even when the number of animals housed exceed the ability to provide ideal living conditions, and 4) the abusers denial that the declining conditions exist (Patronek, Loar, & Nathanson, 2006, p. 1). Despite these common factors, however, animal hoarding is not a simple problem to contain. Several different kinds of animal hoarding exist, from the fairly benign overwhelmed caregiver to the person who acquires animals only to exploit them.Because of the disagreement of situations in which a person might begin hoarding animals, these classifications are fluid and characterist ics might overlap. Sporting abuse is, fortunately, not as widespread as it was even 100 years ago. However, although most people think automatically of dog fighting and chicken fighting when animal blood sports are mentioned, others also exist. Despite their cultural acceptance, blood sports such as bullfighting in Spain and pit sports, such as fighting dogs and wild hogs in the Southeastern fall in States, might still be considered animal abuse.Ritualistic abuse is considered above and beyond the ability to sacrifice animals in the practice of a religion. While unearthly animal sacrifice is not included in most animal abuse statutes, it is often carefully defined and controlled by the law. Other forms of ritual animal killing is considered abuse and may be an indication that person committing the act has other serious psychological issues at work. This kind of abuse is incites communities to an emotional furor, due to the association that it has with allegedly satanic rituals and other hot button issues.For this reason, this kind of abuse is particularly disruptive to the community. Finally, some people find sexual gratification in congress with animal partners, known as bestiality. In truth, there is no partnership between the human abuser and the animal being abuse in such a manner. Animals cannot voluntarily decide to take a human being as a mate or not. Therefore, they must be forced to act against their instinctive drives in order to comply with their human partners desires.This act of force is a violation of animal abuse laws in many nations (Lockwood, 2006). However, it should be noted that stimulation of an animal to collect sperm for frozen or cold storage for the purposes of artificial insemination is not considered bestiality. Other Laws Concerning Animal Abuse Not all nations agree on what constitutes animal abuse. While tail docking and ear cropping is currently legal in the United States, it is considered a form of animal mutilation in the U nited Kingdom.The Animal eudaimonia Act, signed by Elizabeth II in 2006, extends animal abuse laws to include invertebrates and gives municipalities to include animals in their foetal or embryonic form, should they choose to do so (p. 1). However, they may only do so as long as the captivate national authority is satisfied, on the basis of scientific evidence, that animals of the kind concerned are capable of experiencing pain or suffering (Animal Welfare Act, 2006, p. 1).This act also clearly defines the terms protected animals and unnecessary suffering for the purposes of the law, as well as the manner by which individuals can be held responsible for that suffering (Animal Welfare Act, 2006, p. 2). It is interesting to note that only domestic animals are defined as protected animals no matter what the behavior perpetrated upon them, wild animals, by definition, cannot be abused. Germany, like the rest of the European Union, attaches a moral stance to the protection of animals th rough their laws.This stance is in contrast to that of the United States, which protect animals in terms of property laws. Although the European perspective may appear to be superior to some, both positions have some advantages. Moral stances are not always target area ones however, objective stances sometimes reduce decisions to a quantifiable decision-making process, which does not always allow for human needs and opinions to enter into the equation.In addition to laws concerning the abuse and husbandry of all domestic animals, the German law also defines limits for those individuals who wish to breed domestic animals. However, with all of these limitations, The German law does not specifically cover the hoarding of animals. The substance of Animal Abuse Animal abuse is not only significant because it brings harm to sentient beings that humans should have an obligation to protect, it is also significant because of its kindred to other problems that plague society.These issues a re not limited to any one race, ethnic group, religion, age, or income level. jibe to Lockwood (2006) juveniles perpetrate approximately one third of all animal abuse crimes (p. 33). In such cases, animal abuse might be indicative of abuse being perpetrated within the home, either against the juvenile or another family member, or it may indicate mental disease on the part of the juvenile him or herself (Lockwood, 2006).Lockwood identifies 15 major factors in determining the insecurity that the animal abuser presents to society. This list includes the vulnerability and the number of the animal victims, the severity and the repetition or number of forms of abuse on the victim(s), any threats that the animal abuse might have been meant to reinforce, and the manner of recording, if any, of the abuse (p. 35). Research reported in the Juvenile Justice Bulletin (JJB) (2001) indicates a link between conduct distemper in children and animal abuse.Conduct disorder as defined by the Diagnos tic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSMIV) is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated (par. 1). In addition, the child must conform to at to the lowest degree three of 15 other indicators for the disorder. One of these 15 indicators is animal abuse, which may range in intensity from mild teasing to torture and killing root system at the age of approximately 6. 5 years of age (Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 2001, par. 2).Children with Operational Defiant Disorder (ODD) or Conduct Disorder (CD) often go on to become serious offenders as adults. Children with CD often go on to be breakd as sociopaths later in life, as well. According to the JJB, the differences between children who abuse animals and non-abusive children are significantly different when tracked for adult arrests for violent crimes, property crimes, drug offenses, and public order offenses. The JBB conclud es that these results make it clear that animal abusers are not only dangerous to their animal victims but also may jeopardize human welfare (par.7). This research is backed up by Understanding the Links, a pamphlet put out by the British National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, which states that If a child is cruel to animals this may be an indicator that serious neglect and abuse have been inflicted on the child. While recent research in the UK suggests that animal abuse by children is instead widespread, in a minority of more extreme cases it appears to be associated with abuse of the child, or subsequent abusive behavior by the child.(Understanding the Links, n. d. p. 5). In addition to the issue of conduct disorder, there is a definitive link between animal abuse and other forms of domestic abuse. Animal abuse is at times part of the constellation of family violence, although by no means is it definite that an adult who harms animals will also harm their dom estic partners or their children (p. 5). Although this observation is indeed original, it is also true that animal abuse is sometimes used as a form of irresistible impulse in abusive relationships. Regardless, it appears thato Serious animal abuse in a household may indicate the occurrence of other domestic violence o Animal abuse might be done for coercion and intimidation of family members to keep them from leaving or speaking about an abusive domestic situation. o Sexualized or aggressive behavior toward animals on the part of a child may indicate the possibility of later animal abuse when that child matures (Understanding the Links, n. d. , p. 5). Conclusion Animal abuse is a difficult crime to describe and to define. Many different forms of abuse occur under the single umbrella term.Abuse can be passive or active. Passive abuse takes place when people withhold care from animals and can range from simple ignorant (and therefore correctible) acts to malicious neglect. Active a buse, however, does not typically occur out of ignorance. Due to its effects on the human psyche, particularly in terms of young children, animal abuse is not a stand-alone issue. When domestic violence is found in a home, animal abuse is often found as well. When animal abuse occurs, it may also indicate other, serious problems in

Frog

I have to start this give away by saying that Julia Roberts is one of my favorite female actors around today. This particular pictorial matter that she is in, Erin Bronchi, is when Julia Roberts was In her prime Erin has been divorced twice and is a gorgeous mother of three In her thirties. Erin starts out Jobless and In a very mussy judicatory baptistry the resulted from an unclear car accident. The accident put her $17,000 In debt due to her hospital bills and of course the car.Due to Reins current circumstances, she is desperate for a job so she begs her lawyer until he finally caves in and gives her a low paying job as a lawful associate in a atomic number 20 firm. Erin dresses very trashy and she speaks her mind, which is actually quite in conquer at beats. But none the less, one day at work she was sorting paperwork relating to real state cases, Erin stumbles on to some medical records in a file that she was organizing.On the spur of the moment, she carries out a little exploring which results In her believing that the and that was bought by pacific botch and Electric is the identical property that had hexameter chromium contamination resulting from Pacific bollocks and Electrics environmentally negligent activities. Hexameter chromium is a toxic and deadly chemical that causes cancer. If you weigh thats bad it gets worse by targeting the kidneys, eyes respiratory system, skin and liver. It Is estimated that 558,000 workers are potentially exposed to hexameter chromium In the united States.To make matters even worse, the Pacific Gas and Electric company was handing out pamphlets hat said that hexameter chromium was healthy for you. After all of these discoveries, the Pacific Gas and Electric company was now taken to trial. Due to Reins curiosity, she decides to take trip to do some investigating on her discovery for an entire week. She only left a message to her lawyer saying that she wasnt going to make It work for a week and then left without a response. On her arrival back to town and back to her Job, she learns apace that she has been fired to her lack of communication.Being the outgoing per tidings that Erin is, she threw a tornado of wears and profound language, making her boss even more upset. Eventually though as the rise piles up, boss starts to believe that she is on to something and starts to work with her again. Once they got enough supporting evidence they took it to the judge and to make matters even worse, they found that the Pacific Gas and Electric company was handing out pamphlets that said that hexameter chromium was healthy for you. After all of these discoveries, the Pacific Gas and Electric companies Coos and head guys were immediately taken to trial.This case at his has point become everything to Erin and not to mention Deed Massy her boss. They are literally working night and day on this case causing Erin to dope off touch with her kids and her caring boyfriend. As the days go on and the more th at Erin continues to be distant from her kids, the more her oldest child started to despise her. She his mother (Erin), he and so happened to come across the documents for the Pacific Gas and Electric company that talk about a child around the same age as him that is very ill.He knows that all of his moms work can aid this poor kid. He then asked his other about what he had found and she pleasantly explains it too him. Upon realization, Reins son finally understands the importance of her work. Erin is not pleased when she finds out that Deed has brought a new partner into the equation, Kurt Potter, an expert in toxic cases. This anger didnt last immense once Deed bought Erin a new car for her family. This Just boosted her hopes. At this point they were about two hundred and fifty signatures short.Once they got the remaining signatures needed it was time to present Kurt with the good news along with incriminating letters from he Pacific Gas and Electric company to the Hinkler plant . Reins work has finally paid off. She took this court case all the way to the Judicial branch where her firm gets to win one of the most prevalent class action lawsuits in American explanation in opposition to a multi-billion dollar corporation. Reins case ended up winning three hundred and thirty-three million dollars. The Senses (a family infected with the disease got to come up five million dollars.In the end, Deed decides to give Erin a little scare by saying hat the value that they discussed Erin would receive from this case is not appropriate anymore. Erin is furious at this point until Deed goes on to show her the check for two million dollars This movie was very inspirational to me. This beautiful mother who starts out begging for mercy works all the way up to win one of the biggest lawsuits for her firm. Erin is unbelievable and not to mention that she didnt even go to college. She Just unplowed fighting and fighting even though she knew it was putting stress on the peop le she cared most about. The passion this woman shows is remarkable.

The Mission

The Mission takes place during the Jesuitic Reductions in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. During this cadence many Jesuit missionaries established missions independent of the Spanish state in coiffure to teach the homegrown inhabitants Christianity. Leading this cause is bring forth Gabriel, a Spanish Jesuit Priest, who arrives in the Jungle in South America to set up a mission and convert a small village of Guarani Indians. In the beginning of the film, there is an image of a Jesuit missionary tethered to a cross which is being sent over the massive Gauze Falls.This action encourages Father Gabriel to try to reach out to the tribe. Guarani warriors track Father Gabriel cut out, prep atomic number 18d to kill him, as he tries to make his direction to their village. Gabriel is able to calm the warriors down by playing a song which is the beginning of his feignance into the tribe. The movie then shifts to Roding Mendoza, a slave trader and mercenary, who is filled wi th guilt after killing his brother and is looking for repentance. Father Gabriel, after finding out about Mendoza actions, seeks him out to offer him a way to repentance and salvation.Once Mendoza agrees, his armor ND weapons are bound within a satchel that is attached to his waist and he is challenged to scale the cliffs of Gauze Falls. He makes it up the falls and to the Guarani camp where he is met with skepticism and disdain. Eventually, sensation of the Guarani cuts the satchel off and throws it into the falls representing the forgiveness of the tribe and him being released from his penance. Mendoza then becomes a Jesuit under the guidance of Father Gabriel. The Guaranis gain confidence in Father Gabrielle mission from the leadership he portrays and the eagerness of the Guaranis to learn.During all of this, there are political events going on as strong. Spain and Portugal sign a treaty enjoin Spain to transfer the control of some land, which includes the land containing Fat her Gabrielle mission. This was a critical agreement since Spain had outlawed slavery only if slavery remained legal in Portugal. As a result, the Jesuits have to fight to protect the missions from Portuguese slave traders. The threat being posed by the Portuguese leads papal emissary Alliteration (a interpreter of the pope) to make a decision about whether or not the mission should be shut down.Alliteration is torn between two controversial options either he can side with the colonists and close the mission leading to the enslavement of the Guarani or he can side with the missions leaving the Jesuit to face the Portuguese government. He eventually decides to close the mission but Father Gabriel and Mendoza refuse to obey the decision. The two try tactics of fighting and peace to resist the Portuguese but are eventually taken down by the Portuguese army and the mission is burned down and the Priests and Guarani adults are massacred.Spain and Portugal, the Church administrative hier archy, and the Jesuit order can e described as having their own culture as institutions based on the apparent separation of motives between each which came from the different slipway of thinking that were developing at the time. The Jesuits showed a genuine care about the spiritual vigorous-being of the Guarani people where Spain and Portugal were not as charitable as represented by the government officials. Spain and Portugal had a culture that was based off of nationalistic viewpoints. Spain and Portugal were competing for power in the New World and were unsure about how to treat the native people.Spains idea was to maintain control by forcing Christianity and their ultra on to the natives. Portugal Just looked to enslave them to show their superiority. Both countries, though, looked for power instead of trying to help the natives accept a new way of life as these countries brought over colonists. Their main concern was to benefit their country versus helping others. These coun tries would do any involvement to show their countries power, including taking out-of-door power from the church to control the fate of the mission. This is made obvious in the scene where the Popes emissary, Ultramarine, is to decide the fate of the mission.Father Gabriel sees the datives as naturally spiritual and tries to defend the Jesuit position. Portuguese officials see the tribe as unfit for civilization and eventually kill off any natives that resist their rule once the mission is disbanded and enslaves the rest. any way Ultramarine went, it seemed that Portugal would get its way in the end. From this it is also evident what the motive of the Church was which was to maintain authority on the outcome of the Guarani project. With the revolts going on against the Church, the Church wanted to use the control they did have to get their agenda completed.Jesuit missionaries were left to succumb to their decisions and this affected the final outcome of the mission as well as the everyday business of the missionaries. The Jesuit missionaries started to try to break away from the church by not forcing European customs on the natives. In this way they started to become enlightened. Ultramarine did go and experience the missions but he saw the economic practices of the mission to mirror that of radical French Socialism rather than understand that it was a direct result of what they had learned from the New Testament. WhenUltramarine encountered some Guarani natives who could barely be recognized as such, he was fully pleased. This shows how the Church wanted the natives to completely conform to their ways and culture instead of bringing out the good in the natives like the Jesuits were trying to do. The authorities of the church wanted one thing while the missionaries wanted another. The Jesuits crossed cultural boundaries by merging their beliefs and teachings with the Guarani culture. The Jesuit missions expected the natives to convert to Christianity but g enerally did not expect them to adopt the European cultural norms.The Jesuits also crossed cultural boundaries by trying to give the natives social mobility. The Jesuits gathered the Guarani into these missions to protect them while they taught them how to read and write as well as be self-productive. Works Cited Hounded, Anthony. Reductions of Paraguay. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA. Robert Appleton Company, n. D. Web. 17 July 2014. The Jesuit Missions Their History. The Jesuit Missions Their History. N. P. , n. D. Web. 17 July 2014. Bulgaria, Lenore. The Jesuit Missions in South America. Catholicism. N. P. , 23 Mar. 2011. Web. 17 July 2014.

A Day That I Can Never Forget

Saturday, April 3, 1990, became a day that I could never forget. afterward a long nights sleep, I started the day with a smile on my face. On that day, I planned to be going on a simple motorbike ride with a friend. First, after I awoke, I was to call my friend and plan the ride. My friend and I had planned the bike ride to a place in town that we had never seen. Quicker than ever he arrived at my house. Upon arrival, we took two Gatorades and headed off on our way.While riding we saw a bike ramp that we had never out front seen. The ramp screamed out with color, and that feature made it unusual. The ramp had pictures of animals drawn on it. We then both challenged eachother to go off the ramp. Agreeing to go off the ramp at the same time, we headed for the ramp at full speed. As we gained speed, we noniced a large swirling mass of light on the ramp. Trying to stop, we were thrown from our bikes into the mass of light.Next, we awoke from our attend to notice that we warped into a weird dimension that was dominated by animals and humans were the animals slaves and pets. We realized that if we did not turn around and leave, we would be trapped. As we turned my friend noticed the porthole of light closing. Finally, we returned through with(predicate) the porthole just in time before it had closed. Just as we entered the real world I heard a loud buzzing sound. Lastly, I realized it was all just a dream, provided it all felt too real to forget.

Industrial Organisation Essay

This paper talks about the pros and cons of humansizing and if it is a unfounded of orderings resources or not. Previously, much emphasis was not being given to advertising and the marketers used the system of market aggregation nevertheless in todays world, the concept has changed and the demands of the inn vary greatly because of which the advertisers have redesigned their marketing strategies in order to crater to their organise market con spotrably. Media has great influence on the society and the marketers use advertising as their pecker to persuade the consumers to purchase their products.Since advertising has a sullen imp bite on the way the state under(a)stand life and their values, there ar many things that the marketer must consider while promoting their products. publicizing can be simple as well as complex based on the product or service that is being advertised and it can be done on a small as well as on a bighearted scale. To advertise, many kinds of me dia can be used depending on the nature and the complexity of the product. Similarly, advertising can be done for programs, causes and institutions as well besides which political advertising is also done.Since it has an indirect yet a very powerful impact on the society, ethics in advertising should always be ensured. advertising has both pros and cons that have been discussed below. A lot of resources ar consumed when advertising is done and today, it is being done over and it is very difficult for the people to escape from its influence. Pros of advertising People who criticize advertising understand that it is a waste of time and money and it corrupts the individuals and the society.However, advertising also has a significant potential for good and effective about of the benefits of advertising ar mentioned below. Economic Benefits of Advertising Advertising contri furtheres to the human development if it conforms to the moral standards and today, it is the best tool for utilizing the resources to respond to the socio-economic needs of the society. Advertising informs the people about the products that are available for their consumption based on which they can contrive their purchase decisions. Goddard, Lipczynski & Wilson 2009).Benefits of Political Advertising Political advertising contri notwithstandinges to democracy as well as it helps in economic well being of the society. It can contribute the society by let the people know about the sentiments and proposals of the parties and the new candidates who were unknown to the public previously. Cultural Benefits of Advertising Since advertising has a great impact on the media, it has the ability to exert positive influence on various decisions link up to the media.Material that is intellectual and is of moral quality should be instituten to the public in order to make the society better and to contribute in a positive fashion. Moral and spiritual Benefits of Advertising Companies are not the only ones that use advertising to market their products but advertising is also used by amicable institutions that also include the religious institutions that communicate messages that are not just helpful and constructive but they are also beneficial for the society and they help in motivating the people. Cons of advertisingDespite of the detail of many positive areas of advertising, there are some grey areas of advertising as well. However, it would be to a greater extent appropriate to say that there is nothing good or bad about advertising but it is all about the way it is being done. This tool can be used in a positive as well as in a bad way and the way in which it is used is what determines its pros and cons. Advertising harmful goods or making false assertions to exploit the human tendencies is not a good thing to do because this harms the society. (Jensen & Waldman 2005).Economic Harms of Advertising When the advertisers withhold important facts and misrepresent in the a dvertisements that are aired or are published in the photographic print media, they tend to betray the people. Mostly, the advertisers not just use advertising only to inform the consumers about the product but also to persuade and to affect them to purchase the product. Moreover, the brand related advertisement that is done can be creating serious problems as the advertisers capacity motivate the people to buy the product on the basis of the brand or status.It can act as an abuse for the humans and can harm the dignity of the people especially when it influences the attitudes and the values of the people through and through communications media. This affects the developing countries the most where most of the people are poor and these people are unable to buy everything but since advertising creates artificial wants, people are persuaded to buy the products. This makes the poor waste their resources instead of focusing only on the needs they really want to fulfill and the ones t hat are true(a) because of which development bloodlines behind.Governments that try to develop market economies find it difficult to function well. Harms of Political Advertising Although political advertising supports the governments in democracy but it also serves as an obstruction since the costs complex with advertising limit the political competition. Besides this, the politicians might also tend to distort the image of the otherwise candidates by harming their reputation. Cultural Harms of Advertising The end result of advertising can be a debase influence on the cultural values of the people and it can harm the economic condition of the country.The primary(prenominal) concern of the developing nations is that advertising not only dominates the people but it also manipulates them to convince them to make a positive decision. The communicators feel tempted in order to attract larger audiences that the advertisers can approach through them. Besides this, the communicators also tend to ignore the educational and the social needs of the society especially those segments that are poor and old. Moreover, stereotyping becomes customary when advertising is being done and this places one group as disadvantaged when compared to their apprisal with the other groups.For instance, the women are being do by badly and are exploited in the advertisements. (Carlton & Perloff 2007). Moral and Religious Harms of Advertising Advertising can be morally uplifting but on the aforesaid(prenominal) side it can be vulgar and degrading as well as it can motivate enviousness and lust. Advertisers today are also showing immoral ads that they should not show to the people as the children and the under aged are also the ones who tend to view them.Pornography and violence have become common and the media is showing it without any legitimate restriction because of which the cultural norms are at stake. The darker side of the human beings is shown by people committing sins, vi olating rules and committing thefts and when the children and the youth watch all these kinds of things on the media, they tend to copy the people shown on the media that subsequent disrupts the culture of the society. All this have created serious social problems and the youth and the children are being affected negatively.With this, it is discernible that advertising is playing a role of a threat to the religion and is causing many issues that fall outside the domain of the moral values and ethics. Religious themes and images are also being used by the advertises to sell their products and it is acceptable if they do this in an acceptable manner but when they cross their limits especially when they show things that are offensive or when they exploit the religion, this is when the idea turns out to be a total failure.In some cases, advertising is used by the media to promote the products and services and also to inculcate values in the people but the kind of advertising that is i mmoral should be strictly forbidden. Conclusion Advertising serves as a means of survival for the businesses that publish and broadcast operations as the revenue they earn from advertising is very important for them. Media is the one primary source through which the advertisers advertise and can reach their target market to deliver the message they want to.For this purpose, the advertisers make their content interesting and such that would attract the customers. Therefore, the media has a lot of dependency on the advertisers who place their ads either on the television or in the print media in the newspapers or magazines (Andreosso & Jacobson 2005). After reviewing the pros and the cons of advertising, we came to know that it can be good and bad at the same time but it is just the usage that makes it beneficial or a threat.I would therefore say that advertising is not a waste of resources if it is being done in a positive manner and by this I mean that there are some aspects that sh ould be taken care of by the advertiser when making advertisements. Truthfulness in Advertising When advertising, the advertiser should ensure that the ad that is being make is based on truth and the ad should not mislead the people in any way. The idea of the ad should be to inform the people about the benefits and the features of the commodity but no misinterpretation should be done. The Dignity of the Human PersonThe people who are being shown in the ad should be treated with dignity and the women especially should not be exploited in any way. Advertising and Social indebtedness When the companies make profits, it is their duty to practice corporate social responsibility and to ensure that they are being honest in every way. The companies should not only help in the up building of the society but they should also give messages to the public that would help in the betterment of the society. For instance, the pharmaceutical companies should give message for public awareness perta ining to safe water or typhoid.

How Are Dreams Presented in of Mice and Men? Essay

During the 1930s in America, at the period of the Great Depression, John Steinbeck, an ordinary migrant actor wrote perhaps the shortest just well known novel Of Mice And Men. I think Steinbeck was influenced by the poem To A Mouse, because the novel and poem are slightly a give care. They some(prenominal) have envisages and determination but in the end, both are destroyed. In the novel, Steinbeck shows us that intakes are futile. You completely have the dream because you are existence optimistic and having a dream might devote life seem easier for you. But if your dream is destroyed, indeed life seems difficult and meaningless. George and Lennies dream to own a ranch during the Great Depression seemed standardised a typical, futile American Dream of the migrant workers. Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the l iodineliest guys in the world. They aint got nonhing to look ahead to. With us aint like that. We got a future.But the closer Lennie and George came to achiev ing their dream, everything was suddenly lost the measure sw every last(p violenticate)owed the little snake magical spell its tail waved insanely. This sentence shows us that things will suddenly change and the outcome of plans are not going to be what they were expected to be. The move of the last and first chapters of the novel are exactly the same, but the sentence the beak swallowed the little snake while its tail waved frantically is seen as a warning by the indorser that something unexpected is going to occur. Suddenly Lennie appeared out of the brush, and he came as silently as a creep bear moves. This sentence indicates a change of Lennies behavior, which is shown using anthropomorphism, makes us think that something is going to determine and the tension starts to rise because Lennie usually moves and is described as a calm, big bear. Lennies actions make the reader imagine Lennie as being big, cute, cuddly and harmless he walked hard, dragging his feet a little, the musical mode a bear drags his paws. Steinbeck set the last chapter in the late afternoon when already the sun had go away the valley to go climbing up the slopes of the Gabilan mountains, and the hilltops were rosy in the sun.He set the chapter at that particular time of the day because the day is coming to an end at that point, neither in the flush nor night because the day would have come to an end by then. He is telling us that as the day ends, the dream ends as well due to the death of Lennie by Georges love for Lennie. The dream of Curleys married woman was to be in the movies. If Id went, I wouldnt be livin like this, you bet. The reason Curleys wife does not fulfill her dream to become an actress was because she met a manufacturing business who said he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural. He takes an advantage of her naivete and tricks her by convincing her that he was gonna write to me about it. But never did I never got that letter. Because of her anger on her mother who she thought stole the letter I always thought my ol dame stole it. I ast her if she stole it, too, an she says no- and despondency she married Curley without even loving him just to visit on her mother So I married Curley. Well, I aint told this to nobody before. perhaps I oughtn to. I don like Curley.He aint a nice associate. Steinbeck tells the reader by dint of this novel that women were treated as personal possessions and as providers for mans needs during those times. Throughout the novel, all women characters are presented as either a possession or provider. For example even thought Lennies aunt Clara isnt present in the novel as a character, she is described as a provider for Lennies needs That was your own Aunt Clara. An she stopped givin em to ya. Your Aunt Clara give you a rubber mouse and you wouldnt have nothing to do with it- computer backups my point. Another example is seen with Curleys wife who is shown as a personal possession to Cur ley Any you guys seen my wife? he demanded. Steinbeck tells the reader via this sentence that Curley is not looking after his wife as he should be and does not spend time with her considering that she is the only women on the ranch surrounded by men who see her as jail bait.Curleys wife only seeks company, but as she is a young, flirtatious and beautiful woman She had full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her finger nails were red the men fear her as they think she will get them in trouble. Also in the sentence Her finger nails were red- the finger nails are red colour and red is seen as danger, meaning that it is dangerous to get involved with Curleys wife. The quotes Whats the matter with me? Aint I got a right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am, anyways? I dont know why I cant talk to you. I aint doing no harm to you and Well, George says youll get us in a mess. And What kinda harm am I doin to you? support my point. The sentence Seems like they ain t none of them cares how I gotta live tells the reader that no one cared about women at those times.And also the fact that Curleys wife does not have a visit, but is only referred to as Curleys wife and that Slims dog is given a name Lulu shows the reader that dogs were treated better than women at those times. The failure of Curleys wifes dream leads to her death, which also takes place in late afternoon, as the days ends so does her life. John Steinbeck tells us through this cyclical novel that dreams are futile. The closer the characters got to achieving their dreams, they suddenly lost them unexpectedly. The beak swallowed the little snake while its tail waved frantically tells the reader that the death of the snake was sudden and unexpected in the same setting as the first chapter.The dream was first mentioned in the same place and at the same time in the first chapter and it is mentioned again at the same time and place in the last chapter. By making the same setting in the first and last chapter cyclical and mentioning the dream in both chapters, Steinbeck tells us that as the day ends, the dream ends. And that whatever happened in between was futile. Therefore, John Steinbeck tells us that everyone had the American Dream to make life worth living, but society would let only few succeed it during the Great Depression of the 1930s America.

Personal Statement Essay

Paragraph 1 interests which inspired me to choose the veritable play, describe myself. Paragraph 2 what I am studying at condition and how it relates to my picked subject mark in university. Paragraph 3 extracurricular activities and discloseside events, what experiences that ar relevant. I am very vexed diddleing, lovemaking getting a job done to the specified standard and I use my proclaim initiative effectively. Although I am not very confident I nurse the confidence to utter up for myself and get my opinion across. I would very much like to study a percentage point in marketing and computing, this is because my interests be in possession of unceasingly been in calculating machines and intuitive feelinging at different things that would look and grass for on the market today. Someday when I puddle earned enough money I would love to go and travel around the whole world, this has been one of my dreams for a long time and I hark back this type of degree will give me that opportunity. I confuse looked into much more detail in what type of course to do with these things I contrive mentioned above and I would like to go into reckoner science and marketing (combining the two). My dad has in addition inspired me because he has been working hard all of his purport in the job and insurance industry, I devote been to a few blossom days of his work place and I really liked the look of it. I am a very open minded person and love to work in a team of people to get a job done quickly and efficiently. During the course of the school terms I chose certain things in my options that would really give me in depth opportunities when I leave school to go to university. At the moment I am currently studying ICT, Photography, Financial studies and BTEC Sport. These subjects I really enjoy and thats the reason why I chose both of them. My favourite subject of them all is definitely ICT because I become excelled in it and have finished the year 12 work w ell before the deadline that it needs to be in by. My separate subject photography I really enjoy because taking pictures with high quality cameras gives you the chance to capture moments which you see in everyday life. These subjects which I have picked relate to the courses which I have been looking at because financial studies will give me the knowledge which I would need if I was termination to go into marketing. Also my capabilities in ICT are obvious from my grades which I have achieved from this year already and would be after to get into a course which involves both of these. ICT has given me the opportunity to explore the ins and out of a computer and teacht how to solve things.It gives me the knowledge to know how to do things when they go wrong and gives me experience in all situations in the technology world. I do not do any extracurricular activity in my devoid time I have tried all different sports but it did not work out for some of them. In my life I have not ha d any experiences in my life which are relevant to my subject choice the only experience which I have had was given the opportunity to candidature an eBay shop for one day. This made me think of what it is like to be under pressure in the business world and the study of my subjects enhances my knowledge of what has to be done to achieve the job. I have a go bad time job with my Mum and her partner they run two eBay shops on the internet and make a lot of money. I have the responsibility of printing out the orders in bulk to be take through and processed to be posted. It is a very hard work job because you are always standing up bending down and picking things up. Throughout my schooling life, my computing skills and techniques which I have learnt allow me to process information and analyse them making money at the same time. These skills which I have learnt in the 7 years studying ICT I am going to put into the subject and university course which I have chosen. The reason why I take to apply to go to university is because I have always wanted to enhance my skills and learn in much greater detail what I have learnt. I also want to experience the university life because everyone who I have spoken to says its the scoop out thing that they have ever done. My brother is at university at the moment and he is studying advertising, this is something also which I will look. Not only do I want to enhance my learning in great detail but I want to learn new life skills and learn how to get laid on my own, I rely on my family at the moment and would like to start to live and look after myself. At the minute in my personal life cycle where I can learn more in a certain job, going to university will let me do that. I want to make the most of my education which I am allowed to, I have been going through school for 12 years for free so it wouldnt make a difference if I have to pay or not.