Obesity: Causes, Effects and Treatments

fleshiness Causes, Effects and Tr downments fleshiness , is one of the common and serious disease everyplace the orbit. thither must(prenominal) be cases of corpulency no matter in urban or rural ara, as it is a widespread and escalating byplay. It does not just happen in adults as children in like manner may ready the possibility because they are less concern about their health nowadays. obesity is actually a condition whereby abnormal or excessive blue accumulation that may impair health and too the genetic and environmental factors that are difficult to comptroller when dieting. For the respect of obesity has been increasing in both adults and children. Obesity has twice increment about the world since 1980 and much than than than 1.4 billion adults, 20 and older were over clog unit. From these overweight adults, it has over 200 zillion men and roughly 300 million women were obese. According to a salubrious new analysis from the Global Burden Of Disease Study 2013, it is give tongue to that the number of overweight and obese people rising from 857 million in 1980 to 2.1 billion in 2013. However, the rate change greatly throughout the world . More than half of the worlds 671 million obese individuals upkeep in only ten countries, which is 15% combined at principal(prenominal)land China and India, more than 13% at USA, Egypt, Brazil, Pakistan, Mexico, Russia, Ger galore(postnominal) and Indonesia. USA, one of the lofty-salary countries, has the full(prenominal)est increases in adult obesity, where approximately one third of the adult population are obese. In Australia, it is estimated around 28% of men and 30% of women are obese, and in UK is about a quarter of the population are obese. Refrence 1,2 There are mainly many risk factors of obesity. Obesity is mainly due to the overindulging un healthy diet and consume drug abuses. Many people just eat whatever they like without concern about the value of nutritious. Nowadays, many u nshakable forage outlets are clear and it is getting more and more all around the corner of the world. Those fast diets are a diet which is lavishly in calories and the trans naughtys contained may energize the LDL cholesterol, or cognize as bad cholesterol and pick outs to internality attack or any other cardiovascular diseases. Examples of such food high in trans fats include French fries and cheese. Eating tinned food and drinking too much carbohydratey drinks or alcoholic drink forget to a fault cause obesity, as the food and drinks contain high value in fat and sugar. Eating in a full-grown portion and habits of comfort eating are also not good, since forcing yourself to eat much will cause an incomplete digestion. In order to knock down this risk, a healthy and balanced diet must be well-planned daily. A healthy and balanced diet should be consist of 7 main classes of food and the or so important thing is to eat more vegetables and fruits. slue the intake on f oods that are high in sugar and fat and you tolerate also try replace kilojoule heavy desserts with fruits. Eat in a proper portion too to maintain a healthy be and weight. Other than that, lack of physical activity is also the zippy factor leads to obesity. Nowadays, many people have jobs that involve sitting at a desk for most a day and also hectic lifestyle. They also rely on transportation such as bus or car rather than walking or cycling. Sometimes, even when the peoples have stress, the ship canal they choose to relax is by watching TV, playing computer games, and also surfing the internet. This kind of lifestyle can be known as sedentary lifestyle and so did not burn the calories in their embody. Besides, if the thrust turn ind by food is not used, the extra vigour intake will be stored as fat in the body. Hence, regular get along must be done because it helps in burning away the calories in humanes body. To maintain a good health, moderate intensity exercise should be done for at least 1 hour most days of the week. During the day, simple exercise such as take the steps and also get up often from your chair or sofa may helps too. Refrence 3,4,5Obesity normally occurs when adipose cubicles, which adipose cells are cells that provide storage for extra energy, are increasing absurdly in surface and also the number (hyperplasia). An increase in the size of adipose cell is called hypertrophic, while an increase in number of fat cell is known as hyperplastic. Thus, an increase in hypertrophic or hyperplastic resulting in obesity. Besides, adipose cells also follow a normal pattern of growth and development. For infance, adipose cells more developed and each cell grows greatly, which resulting in hypertrophic or hyperplastic obesity. While for adulthood, a person usually has a normal number of adipose cells, provided there is large amount of fat in each cell. In certain extreme cases, adult-onset obesity can be both hypertrophic or hyperplastic. Then, the fat cells do not disappear in adult convey once it developed. Furthermore, obesity also develops regularly as weight is gained over a period of time. When amount of energy which also means calories consumed in food and drinks exceed the energy used for exercise and metabolic helpes in body, weight gain will occur. This is also known as compulsory energy balance. The excess energy will be stored as fat. distributively kilogram of fat stores around 9000 kcal. When body needs more energy than available from food, the fat can be lost or decrease from the energy stores. This is well known as negative energy balance. So, a lack of energy balance may in conclusion cause obesity. Refrence 6,7 Obesity has significant effects for health and it is linked to a wide effigy of diseases. One of the disease that is normally caused by obesity is coronary tinder disease. Coronary snapper disease is usually caused by a build-up of superfatted deposits on the walls of the arteries around the heart. This layer of build-up acid is normally accumulated from the food that we eat daily. Foods contain high fat value will eventually build up the fatty deposit called atheroma. It is also made up of cholesterol and other waste substances. Once the atheroma build-up on the walls of the coronary arteries, this will make the arteries become narrower and reduce the blood flow to the heart muscle. This process is called atherosclerosis. If more severe, obesity can lead to heart failure which your heart cannot pump enough blood to meet your body requirement. In addition, emblem 2 diabetes is also one of the health problem caused by obesity. Those who are obese are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes disease. Being overweights will add more obligate on bodys ability to control blood sugar using insulin and so makes it much more likely to develop diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, body produces insulin but its insulin cannot be used properly. The body overproduce insulin at first to keep the blood sugar normal. But overtime, this cause the body to lose ability to produce enough insulin to keep blood sugar level at a normal rate, and will eventually lead to kidney failure and heart disease. Furthermore, obesity may also lead to high blood pressure, which is known as silent killer.The blood wessels need to spread more blood to the fat weave, as the extra fat tissue in the body needs nutrient and oxygen to survive. Due to this, the work load of the heart will be increasing because more blood is call for to pump through the additional blood vessels. The more the circulating blood, hence there is more pressure on the wall of the artery. Consequently, the higher pressure on the artery wall will increase the blood pressure. Refrences 8,9,10There are actually several ways to treat obesity. Obesity can be cured either by drug therapy or bariatric mathematical operation, as it is a more effective treatment. For drug therapy treatment, there are 2 types o f drug which are recommended as it can be used for long-term, which is orlistat and sibutramine. Orlistat is a gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor which helps to reduce patients weight around 3 kg on average and also decrease patients to be high risk in diabetes. It will be effective if low-calorie diet is alongside the treatment. In orlistat way of treatment, the fat is absorbed and digested into body. It then industrial plant on small gut and stomach to avoid the action of two enzymes anchor in digestive juices. The enzyme is normally to break down the fat which consumed in meal. So, orlistat block the fat from being digested as it will passed out as faeces instead of being absorbed into body. Another drug, sibutramine which is known as a monoamine-reuptake inhibitor, can help to reduce weight and the mean of weight bolshyes is around 4-5 kg, but is related to increase of pulse rate and blood pressure. Sibutramine is called as appetite suppressants in medication class and it wo rks to decrease appetite by acting on appetite control centers in the brain. Furthermore, bariatric surgery , also known as gastrointestinal surgery helps to reduce weight in a rapid way, by neutering the digestive process. The operation can be divided into two that is malabsorptive and restrictive. Malabsorptive weight loss surgery exclude almost all of the nutrients of small intestine from digestive tract to decrease amount of nutrients and calories absorbed. For restrictive weight loss surgery, it creates a narrow passage from the upper part stomach to big lower part to reduce the intake of food and also slow the passage of food to stomach. Refrence 11,12,13 In conclusion, obesity disease should be more concerned and awared by everyone in the society as this disease progressively on the rise nowadays. So, everyone must have well-planned for a health-enhancing lifestyle. Bad habit must be quited as fast as possible to that own life for a good health. There is a axiom that h ealthy food is not tasty but however this is the fortunate phrase which leads everyone to a long-life span.ReferencesObesity and overweighthttp//www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ Accessed 1 October 2014 Obesity rates climbing worldwide, most comprehensive global involve to date shows. ScienceDaily. 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